The function of striatopallidal neurons is regulated by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and dopamine D2 receptors. Previous studies show that immediate early gene induction by D2 receptor blockade is suppressed by NMDA receptor antagonists. Because the pharmacology of NMDA receptors depends on the incorporation of different NR2 subunits and NR2 subunits show regional and cellular differences in the...

NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are tetrameric protein complexes usually comprising two NR1 and two NR2 subunits. Different combinations of four potential NR2 subunits (NR2A-D) confer diversity in developmental expression, subsynaptic localization, and functional characteristics, including affinity for neurotransmitter. NR2B-containing NMDARs, for example, exhibit relatively high affinity both for glut...

NMDA receptors are important elements in pain signaling in the spinal cord dorsal horn. They are heterotetramers typically composed of two NR1 and two of four NR2 subunits: NR2A-2D. Mice lacking specific NR2 subunits show deficits in pain transmission yet subunit location in the spinal cord remains unclear. We have combined electrophysiological and pharmacological approaches to investigate the ...

Two types of subunit (an NR1 subunit and one of the NR2 subunits) are sufficient to form efficient NMDA receptors. In order to investigate whether functional receptors may contain more than one sort of NR2 subunit, NR1, NR2A and NR2D subunits were co-expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Single channel recordings from the oocytes showed, as expected, channel openings that are characteristic of NR1/NR2A...

Antagonists to the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor bind to various extraneuronal tissues. We therefore assessed the expression of the main NMDA subunit, NR1, in various tissues. We demonstrate that NR1 appears to be most abundant in the rat kidney and heart. NR1 is present in total rat kidney, cortex, and medulla. Of the NR2 subunits, only the NR2C subunit protein is present in the kidney....

Eukaryotic ionotropic glutamate receptor subunits possess a large N-terminal domain (NTD) distinct from the neighboring agonist-binding domain. In NMDA receptors, the NTDs of NR2A and NR2B form modulatory domains binding allosteric inhibitors. Despite a high sequence homology, these two domains have been shown to bind two ligands of strikingly different chemical nature. Whereas the NTD of NR2A ...

We model a problem about networks built from wireless devices using identifying and locating-dominating codes in unit disk graphs. It is known that minimising the size of an identifying code is NP-complete even for bipartite graphs. First, we improve this result by showing that the problem remains NP-complete for bipartite planar unit disk graphs. Then, we address the question of the existence ...

The reaction of bis(trifluoromethyl)arsane 2 with secondary amines R2NH in a molar ratio of 1:3 at -6 0 °C allows the preparation of trifluoromethyl arsaalkenes of the type F3CAs=C(F)NR2 in moderate yields (15-35% ) [NR2 = NM e2 (3a), NM eEt (3b), N Et2 (3c)]. The main product of the reaction of 2 with Me2NH is the 1,1-diamino compound F3CAs=C(NM e2)2 (4a). With ethyl(isopropyl)or di(isopropyl)...

Functional NMDA receptors are heteromultimeric complexes of the NR1 subunit in combination with at least one of the four NR2 subunits (A-D). Coexpression of NR3A, an additional subunit of the NMDA receptor family, modifies NMDA-mediated responses. It is unclear whether NR3A interacts directly with NR1 and/or NR2 subunits and how such association might regulate the intracellular trafficking and ...

Among integrative neurons displaying long-term synaptic plasticity, adult Purkinje cells seemed to be an exception by lacking functional NMDA receptors (NMDA-Rs). Although numerous anatomical studies have shown both NR1 and NR2 NMDA-R subunits in adult Purkinje cells, patch-clamp studies failed to detect any NMDA currents. Using more recent pharmacological and immunodetection tools, we demonstr...