In document layout analysis, the defining conditions for textlines and text regions involve certain numerical parameters (e.g. inter-character spacing and inter-textline spacing) whose values can only be estimated when textlines and text regions have already been formed. This seemingly chicken-and-egg problem can be solved through an adaptive regrouping strategy, which consists of three operati...

In the paper, text mining and visualization by self-organizing map (SOM) are investigated. At first, textual information must be converted into numerical one. The results of text mining and visualization depend on the conversion. So, the influence of some control factors (the common word list and usage of the stemming algorithm) on text mining results, when a document dictionary is created, is ...

Steganography is the ability to hide secret information in a cover-media such as sound, pictures and text. A new approach is proposed to hide a secret into Arabic text cover media using "Kashida", an Arabic extension character. The proposed approach is an attempt to maximize the use of "Kashida" to hide more information in Arabic text cover-media. To approach this, some algorithms have been des...

In this paper, we describe SUMTIME-METEO, a parallel corpus of naturally occurring weather forecast texts and their corresponding forecast data; data that the human authors inspected while writing the forecast texts. We have analysed the corpus to acquire knowledge needed to build a text generator for automatically producing textual weather forecasts from numerical weather prediction data. Alth...

ABSTRACT This paper describes a method for using text description as a natural interface to construct models of mechanical systems. The goal is to convert the natural text description from the user to a system of equations that can be used to model and simulate the system. The algorithm of this process consists of three main stages: 1-Component Extraction, 2Interaction detection and 3-Attribute...

Yelp has been one of the most popular sites for users to rate and review local businesses. Businesses organize their own listings while users rate the business from 1− 5 stars and write text reviews. Users can also vote on other helpful or funny reviews written by other users. Using this enormous amount of data that Yelp has collected over the years, it would be meaningful if we could learn to ...

BACKGROUND NICE recommendations and evidence from ambulatory settings promotes the use of vital signs in identifying serious infections in children. This appears to differ from usual clinical practice where GPs report measuring vital signs infrequently. AIM To identify frequency of vital sign documentation by GPs, in the assessment of children with acute infections in primary care. DESIGN A...

Symbolic and non-symbolic number representations are thought to share common neural substrates. However, recent studies have shown that the two numerical systems are more distinct than previously thought. These disparate findings may be explained by the use of sequential presentations of symbolic and non-symbolic quantities, the use of magnitude-reliant tasks, or the use of limited number range...

We study the membership problem for regular expressions extended with operators for unordered concatenation and numerical constraints. The unordered concatenation of a set of regular expressions denotes all sequences consisting of exactly one word denoted by each of the expressions. Numerical constraints are an extension of regular expressions used in many applications, e.g. text search (e.g., ...