docosahexaenoic acid (dha), as an omega-3 fatty acid, in a natural ligand of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (ppars). regarding the combinative effects of nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics and due to the lack of in vivo studies conducted using natural ligands of ppars, we aimed to evaluate the effects of dha supplementation on vascular function, telomerase activity, and pparγ-lxrα-abc...

Many nutrients and non‐nutrient components of foods have multiple functions. For example, fatty acids not only function as constituents of cell membrane phospholipids but also participate in numerous biochemical processes in a cell‐specific and tissue‐specific fashion, involving hundreds of genes, many signal transduction pathways, and a large number of biomolecules, such as transcription facto...

Changes in diet are likely to reduce chronic disorders, but after decades of active research and heated discussion, the question still remains: what is the optimal diet to achieve this elusive goal? Is it a low-fat diet, as traditionally recommended by multiple medical societies? Or a high monounsaturated fat (MUFA) diet as predicated by the Mediterranean diet? Perhaps a high polyunsaturated fa...

It is becoming increasingly evident that (a) risk for developmental and degenerative disease increases with more DNA damage, which in turn is dependent on nutritional status, and (b) the optimal concentration of micronutrients for prevention of genome damage is also dependent on genetic polymorphisms that alter the function of genes involved directly or indirectly in the uptake and metabolism o...

Key Points 1. Current cancer models comprise those that are inherited through the germline and represent only ∼5% of total cases of human cancers. These tumors originate because of mutational events. The remaining ∼95% originate as sporadic events and evolve as a result of exposure to the environment, which includes exposure to both environmental contaminants and dietary agents. 2. The multista...

This special issue of the Journal of Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics covers an emerging topic that has been implicated in disease risk and prevention: nutritional epigenomics. Although the impact of epigenetics has been addressed for the last 3 decades in cancer research, only in recent years has interest surfaced in other fields, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, obesity...

BACKGROUND Gene-environment studies demonstrate variability in nutrient requirements depending upon individual variations in genes affecting nutrient metabolism and transport. This study investigated whether the inclusion of genetic information to personalize a patient's diet (nutrigenetics) could improve long term weight management. METHODS Patients with a history of failures at weight loss ...

Personalized Nutrition and the Microbiome The intersection of personalized nutrition and the human microbiome represents an exciting new science. Within this emerging and complex arena, the human microbiome and the impact of dietary components has been the target of approximately 4,000 publications over the past four decades. The field of paleomicrobiology recently reported—based on findings fr...