Most works on norms have investigated how norms are regulated using institutional mechanisms. Very few works have focused on how an agent may infer the norms of a society without the norm being explicitly given to the agent. This paper describes how an agent can make use of the proposed norm identification architecture to identify norms. This paper explains how an agent using this architecture ...

present study is conducted to measure the effect of obligation to religious functions on pedagogy employees’ organizational commitment in shahriar. for this purpose, the variables of two aspects namely “worship” and “ethics” are considered as the constituents of obligation to religious functions and their impact on employees’ organizational commitment is studied. two questionnaires were used to...

In social mechanism design, obligation distribution creates individual or contractual obligations that imply a collective obligation. A distinguishing feature from group planning is that also the sanction of the collective obligation has to be distributed, for example by creating sanctions for the individual or contractual obligations. In this paper we address fairness in obligation distributio...

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Japan introduced a nationwide long-term care insurance (LTCI) system in 2000, making long-term care (LTC) a right for older adults regardless of income and family availability. To shed light on its implications for family caregiving, we investigated perceived filial obligation norms among coresident primary family caregivers before and after the policy change. DESIGN AND ...

the obligation to disclose essential information is important either in theoretical and practical approach. this means that in order to enjoy the necessary knowledge to achieve decision-making and formation of contract, the information that is effective to create legal consent should be revealed to the opposite side. in franchise agreement; violation of this obligation that is one of accessorie...

In this paper, we define a core language to express access control, usage control and obligation policies and we specify a policy controller in charge of evaluating such policies. This policy language can be used to specify security requirements of many applications such as DRM (Digital Right Management), P2P or Web Service applications. It is used to express both contextual permissions and obl...

in ordinary cases, the object of transaction in such contracts as sale (bay‘) and lease (ijāra) has financcial value like property (‘ayn) or profit, or physical action. however, whether obligation to performing an action has a financial value and can be the object of transaction is a matter of debate. in adition, in cases in which the subject of the obligation is the assignment of ownership (ta...