BACKGROUND Clinical and radiographic diagnoses of scaphoid fractures are often challenging at the time of injury. Patients are therefore usually reassessed which has cost implications. Various investigations exist but MRI has been suggested as effective in diagnosing these injuries early. AIM To determine whether early MRI in suspected occult scaphoid fractures is more clinically and cost eff...

Abstract Background The virtual clinic has been used to manage patients out of the hospital setting, decreasing footfall in hospital, avoiding need for unnecessary travel and helping decrease carbon footprint. A similar running presenting orthopaedic department with presentation suspected scaphoid fracture. As missed fractures potentially lead non-union complications arising due it, this study ...

Since 1991, the American Academy of Pediatrics has maintained that the skeletal survey is mandatory in the evaluation of physical abuse for children younger than 2 years of age. Since 1995, the American College of Radiology has strongly recommended the skeletal survey in the evaluation of abuse. Clinical research affirms the utility of skeletal surveys in identification of occult fractures in 1...

INTRODUCTION Injuries that develop secondary to minor traumas and cannot be detected via direct examination methods, but are detected via advanced imaging methods, such as magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, are called occult bone injuries or bone bruises. In such injuries, diagnostic arthroscopy usually does not reveal any pathology. MR imaging methods are quite beneficial for the diagnosis of su...

Aims, Objectives and Background Scaphoid fractures require early identification to avoid complications such as painful non-union, avascular necrosis, chronic wrist pain. Unfortunately, plain radiographs are insufficiently sensitive so patients may immobilisation further imaging (e.g. MRI) despite normal initial radiographs. The aim of this systematic review was determine which clinical features...

Occult hepatitis B virus infection (HBV) is characterized by HBV DNA positivity but HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) negativity. Occult HBV infection is associated with a risk of HBV transmission through blood transfusion, hemodialysis, and liver transplantation. Furthermore, occult HBV infection contributes to the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. We recently reported the chara...

BACKGROUND Reduction mammaplasty (RM) is among the commonly performed procedures by plastic surgeons. Occult breast cancers are rarely detected in these specimens. The purpose of the study was to describe histopathological evaluation of reduction mammaplasty specimens to detect occult breast cancer in Southern Iran. METHODS The histological diagnosis of 350 RM specimens from 175 patients...

A 45-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with left wrist pain following a fall. Physical exam was remarkable for soft tissue swelling of the palmar and dorsal hand, point tenderness at the base of the second metacarpal, and limited active range of motion. Three-view wrist radiographs showed significant soft tissue swelling without evidence of fracture or dislocation. Computed t...

BACKGROUND The FMR1 premutation is associated with overt primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). However, its prevalence in women with occult POI (i.e. menstrual cycles, but impaired ovarian response) has not been examined. We hypothesized that both the FMR1 premutation and intermediate allele is more frequent in infertile women with occult POI than in controls, and that a repeat length cutoff mig...