Systemic diseases can present ocular manifestations. In some cases, the ocular lesions are present along with other generalized lesions characteristic of the disease. In a few cases, however, only ocular lesions are present. The interpretation of these ophthalmologic findings, together with the generalized signs exhibited by the patient, are important in establishing a differential diagnosis an...

A 34-year-old female a known scleroderma patient presented to us with ocular manifestations in the form choroiditis along with optic nerve involvement. Blood investigations were done, and the ocular findings were confirmed by fundus fluorescein angiography. She was successfully managed with systemic steroid therapy. Among the protean ocular manifestations in scleroderma, only a few cases of cho...

KAPosI's sarcoma is rarely mentioned among the skin lesions of the eyelids, most of the literature being devoted to the visceral lesions, the connexion with endotheliomata, the very much debated pathogenesis, and the treatment. The condition was first described in Kaposi (1872) as "sarcoma idiopathicum pigmentosum" and later as "sarcoma idiopathicum hemorrhagicum". The histology is so varied th...

tim of traditional and social practices, enters into a life of almost 50 blind and hopeless years. It is partly the increased, multifactorial, infant and young child morbidity and mortality that led to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. This calls for special care and protection of children because of their vulnerability. It states that all countries shall ensure good hea...

MALNUTRITION as a cause of blindness has been and still is, much underestimated. In many countries it is the chief cause of blindness in young children. The onset is insidious and difficult to diagnose and the later stages proceed rapidly to irreversible damage. Opthalmologists have tended not to be particularly interested in conditions that do not make demands on their diagnostic or surgical s...

SINCE Loffler (1932) showed a radiograph of transient infiltration of the lungs associated with blood eosinophilia, many cases of Loffler's syndrome have been reported. The symptomatology is as follows: The well-being of the patient is not disturbed, the blood count shows a slight leucocytosis, and there is always a more or less considerable increase in the number of eosinophils (10-60 per cent...

PURPOSE To report unusual ocular manifestations of branchio-oculo-facial syndrome (BOFS) caused by a novel mutation in activating enhancer binding protein 2 alpha (TFAP2A). METHODS Full ophthalmological evaluation and direct sequencing of TFAP2A. RESULTS A 10-year-old girl with unusual ocular manifestations of BOFS such as elliptical shaped microcornea and a novel de novo TFAP2A mutation wa...

IT is not proposed to add further to the literature on retrolental fibroplasia by describing further cases of the fully-developed disease. The picture presented by those cases not showing the fully-developed cicatricial endstages has not been described to nearly the same extent in Great Britain. In a classification of the cicatricial end-stages of retrolental fibroplasia produced by Reese, King...

Diabetes Mellitus is most commonly manifested as fast developing cataracts. This type of cataract is the result of increased glucose in the aqueous humor. The cataract often has a prominent Y suture line on the anterior portion of the lens, making it the “Yes” for diabetes. Blood glucose is recommended for diagnosis. In fact 85% of all diabetic dogs will develop cataracts within 18 months of di...

Rickettsioses are emergent and resurgent arthropod vector borne diseases due to obligate intracellular small gram-negative bacteria. Most of them are transmitted to humans by the bite of contaminated arthropods, such as ticks. Systemic disease typically consists of high fever, headache and skin rash, with or without «tache noire» (dark spot). Ocular involvement is common including conjunctiviti...