Aim-To identify the possible role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), in Chinese patients, in the pathogenesis of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods-Formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded tissues from 74 cases of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (28 with well differentiated, 27 with moderately differentiated and 18 with poorly differentiated carcinomas) were analysed for EBV using in situ h...

BACKGROUND Vulvovaginal candidiasis is characterized by curd-like vaginal discharge and itching, and is associated with considerable health and economic costs. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined the incidence, prevalence, and risk factors for vulvovaginal candidiasis among a cohort of 898 women in south India. Participants completed three study visits over six months, comprised of a structured...

Nitrates, caffeine and alcohol can help relieve symptoms by relaxing lower oesophageal tone. Not all patients with GORD should undergo an OGD (should be considered if GI bleeding or symptoms of dysphagia occur). Oesophagitis is present in half of GORD patients. Oesophageal manometry or oesophageal motility study measures the strength of the lower oesophageal sphincter. This would rule out achal...

In children technical limitations of upper oesophageal sphincter manometry have restricted investigation to the pull through technique under sedation. In this study we have used an adapted sleeve manometric technique for upper oesophageal sphincter monitoring in unsedated children and determined the influence of the state of arousal on upper oesophageal sphincter pressure. Twenty six children a...

The commensal fungus Candida albicans causes mucosal candidiasis in the rapidly expanding number of immunocompromised patients. Mucosal candidiasis includes oropharyngeal, esophageal, gastrointestinal, and vaginal infections. Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and antimycotic-refractory recurrent VVC is a frequent problem in healthy childbearing women. Both these mucosal infections can affect the q...

Germ-free BALB/c mice, genetically engineered to be deficient for interleukin-8 (IL-8) receptor homolog (IL-8Rh-/-), were more susceptible to gastric candidiasis after oral challenge and to acute systemic candidiasis after intravenous challenge than IL-8Rh+/+ controls. In comparison to IL-8Rh+/+ mice, the IL-8Rh-/- mice had slower influx of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) into Candida albic...

UNLABELLED Candidiasis is relatively frequent in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units (ICUs), particularly in preterm infants less than 28 weeks of gestational age. Neonatal candidiasis shows high mortality and is often associated to poor neurodevelopmental prognosis in survivor patients. Amphotericin B and fluconazole are the first choice drugs for the treatment of neonatal candidiasis....

Seventeen patients with non-cardiac chest pain were investigated by simultaneous ambulatory 24 hour ECG and oesophageal pH monitoring. While 11 patients lowered their oesophageal pH below 4 for a significant percentage, (3.4%) of recorded time and experienced chest pain, no simultaneous ECG changes occurred. In 10 patients chest pain was reproduced by an oesophageal acid perfusion test (Bernste...

Oesophageal cancer remains an important public health problem worldwide. It is currently the 8th most common human cancer and 6th most common cause of cancer-related deaths [1]. Annually about half a million new cases of oesophageal cancer and about same the number of related deaths occurs worldwide. Of these oesophageal cancer cases and related deaths, approximately 84% occur in less developed...

Radiography and manometry have been used to study oesophageal motor function in a group of 31 diabetics, 23 of whom had alimentary or genitourinary symptoms attributed to autonomic neuropathy. Peristalsis was of diminished amplitude and oesophageal emptying in the 15 degrees Trendelen-Peristalsis was of diminished amplitude and oesophageal emptying in the 15 degrees Trendelenburg position was d...