We examine the optimal mixture and priority structure of bank and market debt using a trade-off model in which banks have the unique ability to renegotiate outside formal bankruptcy. Flexible bank debt offers a superior trade-off between tax shields and bankruptcy costs. Ease of renegotiation limits bank debt capacity, however. Optimal debt structure hinges upon which party has bargaining power...

M5-branes wrapping a holomorphic curve in a Calabi-Yau manifold can be used to construct four-dimensional N = 1 gauge theories. In this paper we will consider M5-brane configurations corresponding to N = 2 theories broken to N = 1 by a superpotential for the adjoint scalar field. These M5-brane configurations can be obtained by lifting suitable intersecting brane configurations in type IIA, or ...

Acoustic backing-off was recently proposed as an operationalisa­ tion of missing feature theory for increased recognition robustness. Acoustic backing-off effectively removes the detrimental influence of outlier values from the local decisions in the Viterbi algorithm without any kind of explicit outlier detection. In the context of con­ nected digit recognition over telephone lines, it is show...

We discuss the improvement of flavour non-singlet point and one-link lattice quark operators, which describe the quark currents and the first moment of the DIS structure functions respectively. Suitable bases of improved operators are given, and the corresponding renormalisation factors and improvement coefficients are calculated in one-loop lattice perturbation theory, using the Sheikholeslami...

Greedy off-line textual substitution refers to the following approach to compression or structural inference. Given a long textring x, a substring w is identified such that replacing all Instances of w in x except one by a suitable pair of pointers yields the highest possible contraction of Xi the process is then repeated on the contracted textstring, until substrings capable of producing contr...

(including the generalized coupled Sylvester matrix equations as special cases) have numerous applications in control and system theory. In this paper, an iterative algorithm is constructed to solve the general coupled matrix equations and their optimal approximation problem over generalized reflexive matrix solution (X1,X2, . . . ,Xq). When the general coupled matrix equations are consistent o...

These are expanded notes of a series of two lectures given at the meeting on axiomatic set theory at Kyōto University in November 2000. The lectures were intended to survey the state of the art of the theory of cardinal invariants of the continuum, and focused on the interplay between iterated forcing theory and cardinal invariants, as well as on important open problems. To round off the presen...