HVAC and lighting loads contribute a significant fraction of total energy consumed in office buildings. These loads vary as a function of occupancy and therefore inferring occupancy is vital to optimizing energy efficiency within these buildings. This work presents evaluation and comparison results from a field trial conducted in a large office building, which involved estimating occupancy with...

Most office buildings in the warm-humid sub-Saharan countries experience high cooling load because of the predominant use of sandcrete blocks which are of low thermal mass in construction and extensive use of glazing. Relatively, low night-time temperatures are not harnessed in cooling buildings because office openings remain closed after work hours. An optimization was performed through a sens...

OBJECTIVES Sick building syndrome (SBS) is described as a group of symptoms attributed to the physical environment of specific buildings. Isolating particular environmental features responsible for the symptoms has proved difficult. This study explores the role and significance of the physical and psychosocial work environment in explaining SBS. METHODS Cross sectional data on the physical en...

Recent empirical investigations have indicated that the majority of occupants in office buildings would appreciate contact with the external environment, especially in cities where the climate is mild for part of the year. Supported by the possibilities of adaptive thermal models, the design of naturally ventilated buildings has been elaborated since the decade of 1990s. More communal areas rat...

Daylight, rather a fact than a matter of discussion for many millennia, has lost its dominant role in architecture during the years 1950 till 1965. The artificial lighting of interiors had reached its long promised goal and was considered superior to daylighting in quality. In many countries, office buildings and even schools were built without windows because the new techniques of lighting and...

Aims: To design energy-saving control system of electrical system in office buildings; Methods: discusses the structure and function of electric control system of construction equipment, and points out the energy saving mode of the electrical automation control system of construction equipment. Finally, applies the above theory to the design of energy saving control system in X company’s office...

The salaries of office workers are many times higher than the cost of operating a building in developed countries (Woods, 1989; Seppänen, 1999). Consequently, even small improvements in human performance and productivity following improvements of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) can result in a substantial economic benefit. Based on very conservative assumptions, Fisk and Rosenfeld (1997) est...

The microbial quality of the working environment was assessed in winter in air-conditioned office buildings in Warsaw. The average indoor concentrations of bacterial and fungal aerosols were low (<10³ cfu·m⁻³), below Polish proposals for threshold limit values in public service buildings. Even during cold months, if the air-conditioning system works properly, people remain the main source of ba...

We present a new approach to the modeling of angle and time of arrival statistics for radio propagation in typical office buildings, in which the majority of interior scattering objects are either parallel or perpendicular to the exterior walls. We first describe the reradiating elements in office buildings as randomly distributed arrays of thin strips. The amount of clutter and the amount of t...