The separation process is a fundamental part of all hydrocarbon production. The main objectives for operators is to produce oil free from gas and water, remove all liquids from gas, and discharge produced water without disturbing the environment. The processes involved are in a state of considerable change, under pressures of all kinds: technological, environmental and economic. As a result mod...

The planning of offshore oil or gas field infrastructure under uncertainty is addressed in this paper. The main uncertainties considered are in the initial maximum oil or gas flowrate, recoverable oil or gas volume and water breakthrough time of the reservoir, which are represented by discrete distributions. Furthermore, it is assumed that these uncertainties are not immediately realized, but a...

security of energy is the major concern of the world, especially the large industrial countries. countries of central asia and the caucasus are the most important countries in the field of energy resources and energy transfer. of the eight countries of central asia and the caucasus, azerbaijan, kazakhstan, turkmenistan and uzbekistan has in total 3.2 percent crude oil reserves and about 14 perc...

withdrawal of oil and gas from reservoirs causes a decrease in pore pressure and an increase in effective stress which results to a reservoir compaction. reservoir compaction will result in surface subsidence through the elastic response of the subsurface. usually in order to determine the subsidence above a hydrocarbon field, the reservoir compaction must be first calculated and then the effec...

In an oil field that has reached its maximum gas handling capacity, and where wells are producing under gas coning conditions such that the gas-oil ratio (GOR) depends on the wells production rate, oil production is maximized if the marginal GOR (mGOR) is equal for all wells. The GOR and the mGOR are not readily available measurements, but they can be predicted using detailed reservoir models. ...

in the continuous gas lift operation, compressed gas is injected into the lower section of tubing through annulus. the produced liquid flow rate is a function of gas injection rate and injection depth. all the equations to determine depth of injection assumes constant density for gas based on an average temperature of surface and bottomhole that decreases the accuracy of gas lift design. also g...