A Sophisticated Social Welfare Function (SSWF) is a mapping from pro…les of individual preferences into a sophisticated preference which is a pairwise weighted comparison of alternatives. We characterize Pareto optimal and pairwise independent SSWFs in terms of oligarchies that are induced by some power distribution in the society. This is a fairly large class ranging from dictatoriality to ano...

Since holding elections in 2010, Myanmar has transitioned from a direct military dictatorship to a formally democratic system and has embarked on a period of rapid economic reform. After two decades of military rule, the pace of change has startled almost everyone and led to a great deal of cautious optimism. To make sense of the transition and assess the case for optimism, this article explore...

Democracy the much popular and highly debated concept in present times has become an objective of maximum countries to be achieved around the world. It is the concept of a state which provides the great values of freedom and rights to each and every individual without any discrimination which further indicates the equality among all. Democracy strives towards equality and representation of ever...

Governance in online communities is an increasingly high-stakes challenge, and yet many basic features of offline governance legacies-juries, political parties, term limits, formal debates, to name a few-are not the feature-sets software most community platforms use. Drawing on paradigm Institutional Analysis Development, this paper proposes strategy for addressing lapse by specifying generaliz...

Political parties have a strategic function in actualize of good governance through representation and recruitment functions. The is form accountability political to the public by absorbing aspirations, articulating aggregating society's interests into laws, regulations, policies, as well overseeing implementation policies. also includes forming running an accountable effective government, cont...

This paper develops a model to analyze economic performance under different political regimes. An “oligarchic” society, where political power is in the hands of major producers, protects their property rights but also tends to erect significant entry barriers against new entrepreneurs. Democracy, where political power is more widely diffused, imposes redistributive taxes on producers, but tends...

We consider a dynamic model of an economy where productive capital can be owned only by the members of an elite oligarchy, because property rights and contracts are effectively enforced only by their private political networks. This private protection entails a degree of ownership security that is good but not perfect. We find that the performance of the economy will depend critically on oligar...