PURPOSE In addition to their direct cytopathic effects, oncolytic viruses are capable of priming antitumor immune responses. However, strategies to enhance the immunotherapeutic potential of these agents are lacking. Here, we investigated the ability of the multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor and first-line metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) agent, sunitinib, to augment the antitumor immune resp...

Regression or retardation of growth of transplantable tumors can be readily induced by infec tion with a number of viruses (3, 4, 5, 8, 14, 19). The possibility of utilizing viruses in the treat ment of neoplastic disease has been limited, be cause, although the tumor regresses, the host usu ally succumbs to the virus infection. The ability of five neurotropic viruses to induce regression of th...

Treatment of a human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-435) in nude mice with a recombinant adenovirus containing the human interferon (IFN) consensus gene, IFN-con1 (ad5/IFN), resulted in tumor regression in 100% of the animals. Tumor regression occurred when virus was injected either within 24 hr of tumor cell implantation or with established tumors. However, regression of the tumor was also ob...

The tumour-Clostridium phenomenon describes the specific affinity of spore forming anaerobes to tumour growth. The discovery of strictly intratumoral tetanus toxic infections in tumour-bearing mice after intravenous spore administration gave the impulse to search for non-toxic clostridial isolates with tumour-selective properties for clostridial biotherapy, i.e. oncolysis, as well as serologic ...

The employment of conditionally replicative adenoviruses (CRAd) constitutes a promising alternative for cancer treatment; however, in the case of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) the lack of an appropriate tumor-specific promoter and relative resistance to adenovirus infection have hampered the construction of CRAds with clinically applicable specificity and efficacy. By combining transcriptiona...

Oncolytic virotherapy is a potential treatment modality under investigation for various malignancies including malignant brain tumors. Unlike some other natural or modified viruses that show oncolytic activity against cerebral neoplasms, the rodent parvovirus H-1 (H-1PV) is completely apathogenic in humans. H-1PV efficiently kills a number of tumor cells without harm to corresponding normal one...

Malignant melanoma is characterized by growing incidence, early metastasis, and a lack of effective treatment for advanced disease, suggesting a pressing need for novel therapeutic approaches. Conditionally replicative adenoviruses (CRAds) constitute a new and promising strategy for cancer treatment that has been rapidly translated into clinical trials. We engineered novel melanoma-targeted CRA...

Histiocytic sarcoma represents a rare malignant tumour with a short survival time, indicating the need of novel treatment strategies including oncolytic virotherapy. The underlying molecular mechanisms of viral oncolysis are largely unknown. As cancer in companion animals shares striking similarities with human counterparts, we chose a permanent canine histiocytic sarcoma cell line (DH82 cells)...