The open string with one-dimensional target space is formulated in terms of an SOS, or loop gas, model on a random surface. We solve an integral equation for the loop amplitude with Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions imposed on different pieces of its boundary. The result is used to calculate the mean values of order and disorder operators, to construct the string propagator and find its...

Multibody systems can be either closed-loop or open-loop controlled. While closed-loop control clearly is the most flexible solution applicable to most systems and motions, some significant drawbacks exist: It requires sophisticated and expensive sensory systems and feedback-controllers. The computation of appropriate reactions is time critical and often a limitation for making the motion of a ...

In 8] a new model validation method was proposed that is based on the estimation of an unbiased model of the model error which relates the inputs to the simulation errors. In this paper, we extend this methodology to closed-loop validation , i.e. the validation of an open-loop model on the basis of closed-loop validation data. We show that, perhaps surprisingly, the same model may fail to be va...

In [8] a new model validation method was proposed that is based on the estimation of an unbiased model of the model error which relates the inputs to the simulation errors. In this paper, we extend this methodology to closed-loop validation, i.e. the validation of an open-loop model on the basis of closed-loop validation data. We show that, perhaps surprisingly, the same model may fail to be va...

In this paper, two compact quad-channel and six-channel diplexer are designed and fabricated using defected microstrip structure (DMS). This structure is designed for the desired frequency based on the literature reviews. The proposed configuration is composed of a conventional T-junction divider with two pairs of open bended stubs and dual/tri-band filters. In designing dual band filters, a lo...

Propagation of radio occultation (RO) signals through the lower troposphere results in high phase acceleration and low signal to noise ratio signal. The excess Doppler estimation accuracy in lower troposphere is very important in receiving RO signals which can be estimated by sliding window spectral analysis. To do this, various frequency estimation methods such as MUSIC and ESPRIT can be adopt...

The Publick Knowledge Project has been working for a few years now on a software called Open Journal Systems – OJS, now currently in version 1.1.7, which is implementing many languages including English, French, Portuguese and Spanish. OJS assists with every stage of the publishing process for refereed journals, from managing submission reviews through to online publication and indexing. Throug...

This paper introduces an adaptive flutter suppression control algorithm which is based on the iterative estimate of the aeroelastic plant and design of the feedback controller. In this algorithm, the dual-Youla parametrization is implemented as an essential part to estimate the open loop aeroelastic model from the closed loop experiment. The advantage of utilizing the dual-Youla parametrization...

Prophylactic gastropexy is a procedure that prevents the occurrence of a life threatening condition known as gastric dilation and volvulus (GDV) in dogs. The objective of this study was to compare incisional, belt loop and minimally invasive endoscopically assisted gastropexy by evaluating different parameters such as surgical time, length of scar and score of pain in dogs. Twenty-one healthy, ...

It is well known that subspace identification methods that assume open loop data without correlations between the input and noise, may give biased estimates when applied to closed loop data. The effect of the controller gain parameters on the quality of the identified model is studied when closed loop data are used. Several subspace identification methods (both open loop and closed loop methods...