recent studies have shown that glucocorticoids may have modulatory effect on anxiety reactions. this effect may occur with opioid system interference. according to that, the purpose of this research is to assess the effect of dexamethasone as glucocorticoid agonist and its interaction with opioidergic system on the anxiety modulatory effect in plus maze model in mice. male white mice with mediu...

OBJECTIVES Does ankle aspiration help with pain control in patients with ankle fractures? DESIGN Prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING Level 1 Academic Medical Center. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS Consecutive skeletally mature patients with ankle fractures. INTERVENTION Randomized between ankle aspiration and sham procedure. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS Pain s...

The March 2011 Anti-Substance Summit in Durban continued the outdated approach to policy around illicit drugs in South Africa. It missed opportunities for discussing how to impact significantly on the health and social harms associated with problematic drug use and reduce the burden of drug-related cases in the criminal justice system. The government needs to move away from the political rhetor...

CONTEXT The dramatic rise in the use of prescription opioids to treat non-cancer pain has been paralleled by increasing prescription opioid abuse. However, detailed analyses of these trends and programs to address them are lacking. OBJECTIVE To study the association between state shipments of prescription opioids for medical use and prescription opioid abuse admissions and to assess the effec...

BACKGROUND The purpose of the present study was to determine the post-operative analgesic effects of preemptive intravenous (iv) paracetamol and the amount of reduction in tramadol (Contramal(®)) consumption. MATERIALS AND METHODS Following local research ethics committee approval, ASAI-II, 300 patients were assigned in a randomized manner into three groups: Group I (preemptive) received iv p...

Opioid rotation is a common and necessary clinical practice in the management of chronic non-cancer pain to improve therapeutic efficacy with the lowest opioid dose. When dose escalations fail to achieve adequate analgesia or are associated with intolerable side effects, a trial of a new opioid should be considered. Much of the scientific rationale of opioid rotation is based on the wide interi...

Background and Objective: Opioid use disorder is an evolving crisis, 17.2% of postsurgical patients continue to fill opioid prescription one year after surgery. Preclinical studies suggest perioperative use, defined here as opioids used in the setting operative pain, may be linked inferior oncologic outcomes. If this were true, minimization strategies for surgical reduce opioid-related deaths m...