Cribra orbitalia is a porotic or sieve-like lesion in the bony orbital roof. Its cause has been the object of research and discussion since the end of the 19th century. Since about 1960, most scientists have started to agree on the hypothesis that the lesion is a result of hypertrophy of the red bone marrow, and therefore is proof of anemia. However, recent investigations showed that in some ca...

Background: Spheno-orbital meningiomas en plaque are located in a complex area between the orbital and intracranial compartments and characterized by carpet like growth that infiltrate the dura mater and surrounding bone. Objective: This retrospective study analyzes the postoperative clinical and radiological outcome of twenty three patients with spheno orbital meningiomas en plaque operated up...

Neuroblastoma is the most common extra cranial solid malignancy in children but it is rare in adults. We report a 35 year old woman who presented with bilateral proptosis with visual loss, fever, and bone pain and weight loss. Computed tomography showed orbital adrenal mass with bony lesions of orbit and calvarium. CT abdomen revealed a pelvic mass which was suspected to be the primary. There w...

Rabbits have been proposed as a model organism for the human lacrimal apparatus (LA), including the nasolacrimal duct (NLD), based principally on comparative studies of adult morphology; however, little is known about its development. The NLD first appears as an incomplete primordium in the subcutaneous region of the primordial eyelid and subsequently elongates to reach the naris. One posterior...

The paediatric orbital fracture should always raise alarm bells to all clinicians working in an emergency department. A delay or failure in diagnosis and appropriate referral can result in rapidly developing and profound complications. We present a boy of childhood age who sustained trauma to his eye during a bicycle injury. Acceptance of the referral was based on no eye signs; however, on exam...

Craniovertebral junction surgery requires knowledge regarding the anatomy of this region, particularly the C1 vertebra. Both C1 laminectomy and C1-2 instrumentation necessitate preoperative information about bony landmarks and the vertebral artery. This study compares the results obtained from anatomic and computed tomographic measurements of C1 bony landmarks. 31 C1 cervical vertebrae were mea...

A 61-year-old male presented with a fungating ulcer over his left inferior peri-orbital region. The tumour fi rst started 10 years ago as a small lesion on his lower eyelid and over the last 2 years, it had grown rapidly, causing a loss of vision of the left eye. He otherwise was systemically well. Clinical examination revealed a large ulcer with irregular, raised borders and impetiginisation (...

neurofibroma is an autosomal dominant disorder which has major criteria such as hyperpigmentation (cafe-au lait spots), cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors and bone deformities. in this report, a case of multifocal intraosseous neurofibroma in a 16-year-old male with right facial asymmetry, multiple unerupted maxillary posterior teeth and a previous history of infratemporal and orbital neurofibro...