Decentralized eco-sanitation system is a promising and sustainable mode comparing to the century-old centralized conventional sanitation system. The decentralized concept relies on an environmentally and economically sound management of water, nutrient and energy fluxes. Source-separation systems for urban waste management collect different solid waste and wastewater streams separately to facil...

Utilisation of Municipal Solid Waste is important to curb the ever rising demand of scarce land for its disposal. Changing life style patterns, particularly in urban areas, has led to increase in generation of MSW. Municipal solid waste from Indian cities estimated to have 40% 60% organic matter, which could be recycled as compost. The most suitable way to recycle it with low investment is aero...

qualitative and quantitative analyses of hospital and municipal solid waste are necessary for selecting the best and most appropriate method of health care collection, storage, transportation and disposal of this kind of wastes. quantitative and qualitative analyses of hospital and municipal wastes have been studied in ahwaz city during spring 1996. the amount of solid wastes in five regions of...

Anaerobic digestion of dairy cow manure (CM), the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW), and cotton gin waste (CGW) was investigated with a two-phase pilot-scale anaerobic digestion (AD) system. The OFMSW and CM were digested as single wastes and as combined wastes. The single waste digestion of CM resulted in 62m3 methane/ton of CM on dry weight basis. The single waste digestion of...

The emission of greenhouse gases and the impact from recycling the organic fraction of solid waste were investigated from a life cycle (LCA) perspective. Three different treatment schemes were investigated with the aid of a pilot apparatus including exclusively composting (COMP), integrated solid anaerobic batch not inoculated and post-composting (SADBPC), and an integrated solid anaerobic batc...

After closure of a waste disposal cell in a repository for radioactive waste, resaturation is likely to cause the release of soluble species contained in cement and bituminous matrices, such as ionic species (nitrates, sulfates, calcium and alkaline ions, etc.), organic matter (mainly organic acids), or gases (from steel containers and reinforced concrete structures as well as from radiolysis w...

As a clean energy source and industrial material, hydrogen is very valuable. Electrolysis of water and chemical methods are well-known for producing hydrogen, however, all of these methods need additional energy supply. Besides highly energy cost, the chemical methods will lead to serious environment pollution. Compared with traditional methods, biological production of hydrogen has showed sign...

Plastics are low molecular weight organic materials, that are non degradable in the natural environment. Generation of plastic waste constitutes a major part of Municipal Solid Waste. This creates a lot of environment pollution, which in turn affects ecosystem and human health. The solution to tackle this dreadful situation lies in following 3R namely Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. Waste plastics c...

High-quality bio-organic fertilizers (BIOs) cannot be produced without the addition of some proteins, while many waste proteins are haphazardly disposed, causing serious environmental pollution. In this study, several waste proteins were used as additives to assist with the reproduction of the functional microbe (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9) inoculated into matured composts to produce BIOs....

background and purpose: it is extremely important to recognize the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of this type of waste before any planning on them due to the lack of the prepared program in the field of household hazardous waste (hhw) management in the country. this research has been done in babol, iran, in order to achieve this important goal. materials and methods: the cross-se...