A particle reaction model including mass and heat transfer has been developed to know the temperature variations produced inside the oxygen carrier particles during the cyclic reduction and oxidation reactions taking place in a Chemical-Looping Combustion (CLC) system. The reactions of the different oxygen carriers based on Cu, Co, Fe, Mn, and Ni during the reduction with fuel gas (CH4, CO, and...

We investigate the chemisorptions of oxygen molecules on bilayer graphene (BLG) and its electrically modified charge-doping effect using conductivity measurement of the field effect transistor channeled with BLG. We demonstrate that the change of the Fermi level by manipulating the gate electric field significantly affects not only the rate of molecular adsorption but also the carrier-scatterin...

We report the first systematic theoretical study of the oxidative self-coupling of methanol to form the ester, methylformate, on atomic-oxygen-covered Au(111) using density functional theory calculations. The first step in the process —dissociation of the O-H bond in methanol—has a lower barrier for transfer of the proton to adsorbed oxygen than for transfer of H to gold, consistent with experi...

Extracellular electron transfer (EET) is a mechanism that enables microbes to respire solid-phase electron acceptors. These EET reactions most often occur in the absence of oxygen, since oxygen can act as a competitive electron acceptor for many facultative microbes. However, for Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, oxygen may increase biomass development, which could result in an overall increase in EE...

Activated oxygen intermediates during copper zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalysis were investigated using an isotope fractionation technique and natural abundance reagents. Competitive oxygen kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) are reported for the enzyme-catalyzed disproportionation of superoxide as well as the stoichiometric reaction of reduced SOD with molecular oxygen. Analysis within the c...

Five iron porphyrins with different superstructures were immobilized on self-assembled-monolayer (SAM)-coated interdigitated-array (IDAs) gold-platinum electrodes. The selectivity of the catalysts i.e., limited formation of partially reduced oxygen species (PROS) in the electrocatalytic reduction of dioxygen, is a function of 2 rates: (i) the rate of electron transfer from the electrode to the ...

Shake flasks are commonly used for process development in biotechnologyindustry. For this purpose a lot of information is required from the growth conditions duringthe fermentation experiments. Therefore, Anderlei et al. developed the RAMOS technology[1, 2], which proviedes on-line oxygen and carbondioxide transfer rates in shake flasks.Besides oxygen consumption, the pH in the medium also play...

wear is a complicated phenomenon caused by the relative movement of two contacting surfaces compressed together by a normal force. prediction of the wear, in most cases, requires various experiments and microstructural characterization of the contacting surfaces. mathematical models based on physical concepts could provide considerable help in understanding the physical behavior and hence the p...

proper estimation of droplet growth rate plays a crucial role on appropriate prediction of supersonic separators performance for separation of fine droplets from a gas stream. up to now, all available researches employ empirical or semi-empirical correlations to define the relationship between droplet growth rate (dr/dt) and other operating variables such as temperatures (t and tl), pressure (p...