OBJECTIVE The ubiquitin-proteasome system is the principal degradation route of intracellular and oxidized proteins, thus regulating many cellular processes conceivably important for atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of ubiquitin-proteasome system in human carotid artery plaques in relation to oxidative stress and clinical manifestation. METHODS AND RESULTS I...

The NADPH oxidase of phagocytes is known to be expressed in Epstein-Barr-virus-transformed B-lymphocytes, albeit at levels only approx. 5% of those found in neutrophils. We have investigated the basis of this low level of expression and find that all four specific components of the NADPH oxidase are expressed in B-lymphocytes, but only p47-phox protein attains levels equivalent with those found...

To understand the expression of NADPH oxidase components during neutrophil maturation, we examined the expression of mRNAs and proteins for NADPH oxidase components, and the superoxide-producing activity using HL-60 cells incubated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Northern blot and Western blot analyses revealed that gp91(phox), p67(phox), and p47(phox) were expressed after myelocyte stages, whe...

The CYBB and NCF2 genes encode the phagocyte respiratory burst oxidase proteins, gp91 and p67. Previously, we identified homologous CYBB and NCF2 cis elements that are necessary for lineage-specific transcription during late myeloid differentiation. We determined that these homologous cis elements are activated by PU.1, IRF1, interferon consensus sequence-binding protein (ICSBP), and the CREB-b...

Guinea pig gastric pit cells express an isozyme of gp91-phox, mitogen oxidase 1 (Mox1), and essential components for the phagocyte NADPH oxidase (p67-, p47-, p40-, and p22-phox). Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Escherichia coli LPS have been shown to function as potent activators for the Mox1 oxidase. These cells spontaneously secreted about 10 nmol of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)...

The superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase consists of a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b(558), the cytosol factors p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac2, which translocate to the membrane to assemble the active complex following neutrophil activation. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) does not activate NADPH oxidase, but potentiates the oxidative burst induced by stimuli such as ...

The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase complex plays a critical role in the antimicrobial functions of the phagocytic cells of the immune system. The catalytic core of this oxidase consists of a complex between gp91(phox), p22(phox), p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and rac-2. Mutations in each of the phox compo...

Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is a treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The clinical effect of MT AIS patients suffering large-vessel occlusion, highly time-dependent. Patients admitted to primary center (PSC) currently must be transferred comprehensive (CSC) MT. A remote robotic system has the potential disrupt care pathway by allowing performance at PSC an interventional radiologist phys...