BACKGROUND There are many different reasons why patients could be experiencing pain in the gluteal area. Previous studies have shown an association between radicular low back pain (LBP) and gluteal pain (GP). Studies locating the specific level responsible for gluteal pain in lumbar disc hernias have rarely been reported. METHODS All patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) in the Kanghua h...

Background and Aim: Local anesthetic injection is among the most anxiety-provoking procedures in children. Some scales are currently available to quantify the level of pain experienced based on the child’s behavior. The purpose of this study was to compare two commonly used pain scales. Materials and Methods: This split-mouth study was conducted on 49 healthy children aged 3.5 to 9 years who n...

abstract: introduction & objective: discectomy for nucleous pulposus herniation is one of he most surgeries in spinal column. in this surgical treatment, postoperative pain is a problem which results in more hospital stay and less daily activity. postoperative pain control is difficult because opoids don't relieve moderate and severe pain alone. it is believed that corticosteroid and local...

On a daily basis, both patients and providers are confronted with the complicated problem of pain. Unfortunately, pain is prevalent among persons infected with HIV-1 and is undertreated.2 Metaphorically, pain can be likened to sound. At the same decibel level, different persons will perceive the same level of sound as pleasant or unpleasant. At either end of the spectrum (ie, no sound and extre...

BACKGROUND Pain related to burn injuries is one of the most troublesome pain intensity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of massage on anticipatory anxiety, procedural pain intensity, vital signs and relaxation level of patients with burn injury. METHODS In this quasi-experimental study, through convenience sampling, 60 hospitalized adult burn patients were selected from...

Ketamine has diverse effects that may be of relevance to chronic pain including: N-methyl-D-aspartic acid, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid, kainate, gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) receptors; inhibition of voltage gated Na(+) and K(+) channels and serotonin, dopamine re-uptake. Ketamine has been in clinical practice for over 30 yr; however, there has been little formal resea...

Summary: Background: Patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) usually have permanent and often devastating neurologic deficits and disability and pain (1). According to the National Institutes of Health, "among neurological disorders, the cost to society of automotive SCI is exceeded only by the cost of mental retardation"(2). Neurogenic pain constitutes one of the enigmatic clinical sy...