Jorge Sampaio graduated in law in 1961 at Lisbon University in his native Portugal. At university and later, Sampaio took part in political action against the military dictatorship in Portugal until the revolution in 1974. In 1978, Sampaio joined Portugal's Socialist Party and was a member of parliament for many years. Sampaio was elected Mayor of Lisbon twice, in 1989 and in 1993, and served t...

For more than thirty years, federal regulations--collectively known as the "Common Rule"--have governed all federally funded medical research involving human subjects. The Common Rule requires, inter alia, that any research facility receiving federal funds submit a Federal Wide Assurance (FWA) to the department or agency from which funding is sought. The FWA is a contract in which the research ...

Negative campaigning presents parties with a collective action problem. While parties would prefer to have their competitors attacked, potential backlash effects from negative messages mean that individual politicians typically lack the incentives to carry out such attacks. We theorize that parties solve this problem by implementing a division of labour that takes into account the incentives of...

Novel contract signing protocol based on the OTPK scheme were recommended. OTPK means one time password key. This recommended protocol capable will be brought into action only if one party fails to sign the to permit two parties to sign the matching contract and then those parties can exchange their digital signatures. The protocol proficient to ensure fairness in and it offers parties with gre...

We analyse generosity, second-party ('spiteful') punishment (2PP), and third-party ('altruistic') punishment (3PP) in a cross-cultural experimental economics project. We show that smaller societies are less generous in the Dictator Game but no less prone to 2PP in the Ultimatum Game. We might assume people everywhere would be more willing to punish someone who hurt them directly (2PP) than some...

Paul Michael Garrett is a Senior Lecturer at the University of Nottingham. His book, Remaking Social Work with Children and Families (Routledge), is to be published later this year. He is also the author of a recent report for the AU-Party Irish in Britain Parliamentary Group. This is called The Hidden Ethnic Minority: Social Work, Social Services Departments and Irish Children and Families (Ac...

We present a set of annotations of hierarchical topic segmentations and action item subdialogues collected over 65 meetings from the ICSI and ISL meeting corpora, designed to support automatic meeting understanding and analysis. We describe an architecture for representing, annotating, and analyzing multi-party discourse, including: an ontology of multimodal discourse, a programming interface f...

1. The Parties and Public Policy. Throughout this report political parties are treated as indispensable instruments of government. That is to say, we proceed on the proposition that popular government in a nation of more than 150 million people requires political parties which provide the electorate with a proper range of choice between alternatives of action. The party system thus serves as th...

In representative democracies, the development of party platforms depends on both ideological and electoral considerations. Decisions on party membership, on the other hand, are driven by the relative desirability of party platforms. This paper analyzes the dynamic interaction between party platforms and party membership. It shows how voter mobility, membership costs and the possibility of alie...

Third-party libraries (3PLs), such as advertising networks, gaming networks, and analytics engines, are an integral part of modern mobile platforms. If Android developers want to integrate functionality provided by 3PLs, they must bundle opaque binary code into their applications. Unfortunately, developers must in essence overprivilege their Android applications by requesting dangerous permissi...