Interrupting the processes which control ecosystem resources has dramatic impacts on the rangeland conditions. To protect ecosystems and landscape, it needs to understand the ecosystem processes which regulate the ecosystem resources. As main components of ecosystems, patches and inter-patches play important roles in energy and materials cascade. Ecologically, functional parameters such as stab...

Coffee agroforestry systems and secondary forests have been shown to support similar bird communities but comparing these habitat types are challenged by potential biases due to differences in detectability between habitats. Furthermore, seasonal dynamics may influence bird communities differently in different habitat types and therefore seasonal effects should be considered in comparisons. To ...

Quantitative assessments of home-range dynamics and movements of long-tailed weasels (Mustela frenata) are lacking, in spite of the importance of these data to understanding how habitat fragmentation influences behavior, ecology, and interspecific interactions. During autumn to late winter 1998–2000, we monitored 11 long-tailed weasels (7 male, 4 female) via radiotelemetry to examine home-range...

Brazil’s Cerrado is a highly diverse ecosystem and it provides critical habitat for many species. Cerrado habitats have suffered significant degradation and decline over the past decades due to expansion of cash crops and livestock farming across South America. Approximately 1,800,000 km2 of the Cerrado remain in Brazil, but detailed maps and conservation assessments of the Cerrado are lacking....

Planning corridors among obstacles has arisen as a central problem in game design. Instead of devising a one-dimensional motion path for a moving entity, it is possible to let it move in a corridor, where the exact motion path is determined by a local planner. In this paper we introduce a measure for the quality of such corridors. We analyze the structure of optimal corridors amidst point obsta...

Habitat corridors, a common management strategy for increasing connectivity in fragmented landscapes, have experimentally validated positive influences on species movement and diversity. However, long-standing concerns that corridors could negatively impact native species by spreading antagonists, such as disease, remain largely untested. Using a large-scale, replicated experiment, we evaluated...

in this article, the linear array (with 20 elements in the horizontal orientation) of microstrip antenna is examined with horizontal polarization. the set includes three microstrip substrates. there is a power network in two lower substrates and microstrip patches in the upper substrate. excitation of patches has been done as coupled through the power network in two lower substrates. using the ...

The present study was undertaken to develop a suitable transdermal matrix patch of ketorolac tromethamine with different proportions of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and ethyl cellulose (EC) using a D-optimal mixture design. The prepared transdermal patches were subjected to different physicochemical evaluation. The surface topography of the patches was examined by scanning electron microscopy (S...

10.1083/jcb.1733r r 1jcb.1733r r1Nicole Le Brasseurlebrasn@roc kefeller. eduMigrating interphase DNA C hien-Hui Chuang (University of Illinois, Urbana, IL) sees chromosomes moving long distances—and not during mitosis. Chuang, Andrew Belmont, and colleagues, now unveil the inducible long-range migration of an interphase chromosome site. An hour or two ...

A s wildlands give way to an expanding human footprint, scientists and land managers have struggled to develop land conservation strategies that protect biodiversity. A favored strategy is to connect large habitat areas with landscape corridors (1–3). Yet, the scientific question remains: Do corridors actually work to promote dispersal and conserve biodiversity? In this issue of PNAS, Gillies a...