BACKGROUND The configuration of the distal surface of the femur would be more important in terms of the patellofemoral (PF) joint contact because the patella generally contacts with the distal surface of the femur in knee flexion. Some total knee arthroplasty (TKA) designs configurate medially prominent asymmetric femoral condyles. This difference in the design of distal femoral condyle may aff...

Acute patellar dislocation or subluxation is a common cause for knee injuries in the United States and accounts for 2% to 3% of all injuries. Up to 49% of patients will have recurrent subluxations or dislocations. Importance of both soft tissue (predominantly, the medial patellofemoral ligament, MPFL, which is responsible for 60% of the resistance to lateral dislocation) and bony constraint of ...

Correspondence to: Dr Parfitt. A 9 year old boy presented to the accident and emergency department with a painful, tender swollen right knee. He had fallen 4 feet from a wall and struck his knee on the edge of a kerb. On examination the knee was held in a 45 degrees of fixed flexion. A 10 cm horizontal laceration extending to deep fascia was evident. Radiography (see fig 1) revealed the patella...

BACKGROUND Abnormal patellar height is associated with anterior knee pain and several conditions that affect the patellofemoral joint. The aim of this study was to 1) report the incidence of patella alta and patella baja and 2) investigate whether the normal limits of the Insall-Salvati ratio is applicable in adult Middle-Easterners. METHODS A radiographic review of the lateral radiographs of...

Traumatic avulsions of ligament or tendon insertions rarely occur at the actual interface with bone, which suggests that this attachment is strong or otherwise protected from injury by the structure of the insertion complex. In this study we describe the terminal extent of quadriceps tendon fibres where they insert into the patellae of adult rabbits, humans, dogs and sheep. Specimens were exami...

The patella is a sesamoid bone located in the major extensor tendon of the knee joint, in the hindlimb of many tetrapods. Although numerous aspects of knee morphology are ancient and conserved among most tetrapods, the evolutionary occurrence of an ossified patella is highly variable. Among extant (crown clade) groups it is found in most birds, most lizards, the monotreme mammals and almost all...

BACKGROUND Graft fixation is critical to the restoration of the medial patella of femoral ligament function and long-term success. Numerous fixations at the patella have been described, while the complications including patellar fractures, violation of the posterior patella and delay of tendon-to-bone healing remain significant challenges. Here, we describe a safe and firm fixation at the patel...

INTRODUCTION Solitary exostosis is common at the metaphysis of long bones, and rarely may it develop in the lower pole of the patella. Usually it stops growing after skeletal maturity unless complicated. When the growth continues after skeletal maturity, other rare possibilities need to be considered such as bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (BPOP). Though solitary exostosis is...