Internal egg hatching in Caenorhabditis elegans, "worm bagging," is induced by exposure to bacteria. This study demonstrates that the determination of worm bagging frequency allows for advanced insight into the degree of bacterial pathogenicity and is highly predictive of the survival of worm populations. Therefore, worm bagging frequency can be regarded as a reliable population-wide stress rep...

Viral diseases in the clinical setting have been extensively investigated. Viruses are now considered as potentially responsible for nosocomial infections, especially in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Mimivirus is the largest virus known to date. Recent studies have suggested that Mimivirus could be responsible for both community-acquired and nosocomial pneumonia. These studies were mainly...

The Boyden monograph should be available to every anatomist, thoracic surgeon, and diagnostician. It has occurred to this reviewer that a condensed version of the text, including only those sections concerned with surface anatomy and bronchial patterns, would be of great practical value to otolaryngologists and radiologists who are less frequently concerned with the finer anatomical details of ...

Introduction Fungi are eukaroytic, carbon-heterotrophic microorganisms. To satisfy their need for organic nutrients, most fungal species live a saprophytic lifestyle. A small minority, however, has acquired the capability to develop on living plants, often causing disease in the host. These specialists have found a way to negate the plant defense machinery which consists of a multitude of defen...

The effect of cadmium, copper, lead, zinc, manganese and magnesium on entomopathogenic nematodes S. feltiae was tested under laboratory conditions. The mortality of nematode invasive larvae, their pathogenicity expressed as test insect G. mellonella mortality and reproduction from the test insect bodies were investigated. It was revealed that cadmium, copper, lead and zinc affected an increase ...

INTRODUCTION ............................................................ 291 QUANTITATIVE COMPARISONS OF VIRULENCE: PROPERTIES OF VIRULENT AND ATTENUATED STRAINS ................ .......... 292 ENTRY OF THE HOST: SURVIVAL ON AND PENETRATION OF MUCOUS MEMBRANES ............. ................................. 292 REPLICATION IN VIVO .................................................... 294 COUNTE...

Cryptosporidium is a protozoan parasite of medical and veterinary importance that causes gastroenteritis in a variety of vertebrate hosts. Several studies have reported different degrees of pathogenicity and virulence among Cryptosporidium species and isolates of the same species as well as evidence of variation in host susceptibility to infection. The identification and validation of Cryptospo...

effect of the mutations causing resistance on the pathogenicity of adenovirus will be addressed in our animal models. The frequency and pathogenicity of anticipated cidofovir-resistant adenoviruses and herpesviruses in a clinical setting remain to be established. Of note, HSV-1 variants resistant to antiviral acyclovir, though readily isolated in culture, occasionally are reported in immunosupp...

The identification and characterization of pathogenicity factors are essential to an understanding of the molecular events that regulate the interaction of plant-pathogenic microbes with their hosts. We have isolated the gene that encodes a host-selective toxic protein produced by the fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and confirmed that this gene functions in the plant as the primary determin...