Secondary metabolites (idiolites) are structurally diverse and unusual, generally are produced in mixtures with other members of the same chemical family, and usually are formed at low specific growth rates. In batch cultures, processes leading to the production of idiolites are often sequential; the cultures exhibit a distinct growth phase (trophophase) followed by a production phase (idiophas...

Aspergillus clavatus intoxication is a highly fatal neuromycotoxicosis of ruminants, especially cattle. It is caused by the ingestion of infected sprouting grain and sorghum beer residue. Locomotor disturbances, tremors and paralysis are observed. Histologically, degeneration and necrosis of larger neurons in the medulla oblongata, the midbrain, the thalamus and the ventral horns of the spinal ...

Apple juice samples intended for infants purchased in Navarra (Spain) have been analyzed for PAT occurrence. Two capillary electrophoresis methods, based on a MEKC and a CEC system, and an HPLC method were evaluated for the aforementioned study. The CEC system gave less satisfying separations and several practical problems, so samples have been analyzed by MEKC and HPLC. Both methods have been ...

Histories of the randomized clinical trial (RCT) are constantly unearthing dramatic precursors for concurrent controls, random assignment to comparison group, blind assessment, placebo controls, and statistical inference.1–4 All these forerunners seem to indicate a constantly budding but, somehow, stumbling and aborted development toward the modern methodology. While most of the methods (at lea...

The aim of this work was to produce synbiotic apple juice and investigate the survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum in apple juice during the refrigerated storage (4 °C) for 42 days and then the ability of the mentioned probiotic bacteria in gastrointestinal tolerance under gastrointestinal tract conditions, with simulated gastric and bile juices. Eight-...

Mycotoxins exists in foods such as grains, vegetables, fruits, milk, nuts, and meat, which can cause foodborne illnesses seriously harmful to human health. However, people have not paid enough attention mycotoxin poisoning. This paper reviews the food some common disease, potential danger of contaminated body other issues related science were revealed from clinical point view, also concerned wi...