mixed clayey soils occur as mixtures of sand (or gravel) and clay in widely varying proportions. their engineering behavior has not been comprehensively studied yet. an experimental program, comprising monotonic, cyclic, and post-cyclic triaxial tests was undertaken on compacted clay-granular material mixtures, having different proportions of clay and sand or gravel. this paper presents the res...

Reflex vascular responses to acute left ventricular outflow obstruction were studied in anesthetized dogs. The studies were done to compare the effects of activation of ventricular baroreceptors on vascular resistance in skeletal muscle (gracilis muscle) and skin (hindpaw); to identify afferent and efferent pathways which mediate the reflex vasodilatation; and to assess the relative contributio...

In this work, the direct and indirect removal of Acid Blue 25 (AB25) from water by using cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) has been demonstrated. APPJ with a pin electrode type configuration operating argon as working gas was used source for treatments. configuration, formed in contact surrounding air over liquid surface. The driven high voltage radio frequency (RF) power supply. syst...

Mechanical ventilation has been associated with organ failure in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. The present study examines the effects of tidal volume (V(T)) on renal function using two V T values (8 and 27 mL/kg) in anesthetized, paralyzed and mechanically ventilated male Wistar rats. Animals were randomized into two groups of 6 rats each: V (T)8 (V(T), 8 mL/kg; 61.50 +/- 0...

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible analgesic and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of the ethanolic extract of A. morrisonensis Hayata (AM(EtOH)). Two models were employed for evaluation of the analgesic effects: acetic acid-induced writhing response and formalin-induced paw licking. The results demonstrated that AM(EtOH) decreased writhing response for both the acetic acid assay ...

Inflammation is a biological reaction attributed with several acute and chronic pathological conditions. The study revealed the pharmacological effect of Tecomella undulate: bark against carrageenan induced paw edema and cotton pellet induced granuloma in rat. Wistar albino rats of either sex (180-240 g) were employed into the study. Acute inflammation was induced by injecting carrageenan (1%) ...

objective: crocin, as an active constituent of saffron, has many biological functions including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. the present study was aimed to investigate the effects of crocin and chlorpheniramine on local edema induced by histamine. materials and methods: local edema was induced by subcutaneous injection of histamine (100 μl, 0.1%) in ventral surface of right hin...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of three new topical formulations; DRDC/AY/8037, DRDC/AY/8039 and DRDC/AY/8040. Activity was carried out on adult male wistar rats of 200-250 g each. Animals were divided into different groups, each group was indicated by the formulation used (DRDC/AY/8037, DRDC/AY/8039 and DRDC/AY/8040), control group fo...

BACKGROUND The roles of descending facilitatory pathway from the rostral medial medulla (RMM) in development of persistent spontaneous nociception and hyperalgesia were evaluated in the bee venom (BV) test and the formalin test. METHODS Bilateral lesions of the RMM with ibotenic acid, a soma-selective neurotoxin, were performed to study their effects on the spontaneous pain-related behaviors ...

BACKGROUND Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) delivers airway pressure (Paw) in proportion to neural inspiratory drive as reflected by electrical activity of the diaphragm (EAdi). Changing positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) impacts respiratory muscle load and function and, hence, EAdi. We aimed to evaluate how PEEP affects the breathing pattern and neuroventilatory efficiency duri...