BACKGROUND The basal ganglia (BG) are thought to play an important role in the control of eye movements. Accordingly, the broad variety of subtle oculomotor alterations that has been described in Parkinson's disease (PD) are generally attributed to the dysfunction of the BG dopaminergic system. However, the present study suggest that dopamine substitution is much less effective in improving ocu...

The kinetics and the mechanism of the substitution reactions of the complex [(TL(tBu))PdCl](+), where TL(tBu) is 2,6-bis[(1,3-di-tert-butylimidazolin-2-imino)methyl]pyridine, with nucleophiles (guanosine-5'-monophosphate (5'-GMP), l-Methionine (l-Met) and l-Histidine (l-His)) were studied using variable-temperature stopped-flow techniques in aqueous 0.1 M NaClO(4) with 10 mM NaCl at 298 K. The ...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is caused by selective dopaminergic cell loss in the nigro stratal system. The etiology of PD is a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The polymorphism of the detoxification enzyme NAT2 is responsible for the individual differences in the acetylating rate of aromatic amine and hydrazine-drugs, chemical and environmental pollutants (potential carcinogens an...

Two novel carbohydrate-derived pyridyl (PYOX)- and cyclopropyl (CYBOX)-substituted oxazoline ligands were prepared from d-glucosamine hydrochloride and 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-amino-2-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranose hydrochloride in two steps, respectively. The sugar-annulated PYOX ligand formed a stable metal complex with Pd(II), which was fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallogr...

The purpose of the present studies was to characterize the nature of salt and water transport out of the superficial (SF) and juxtamedullary (JM) straight segments of rabbit proximal tubules as examined by in vitro microperfusion techniques. When the perfusate consisted of a solution simulating ultrafiltrate of plasma, there were no differences between SF and JM straight tubules in either net r...

Hydrogen absorption performances of LaNi5 alloy are sensitive to the surface reactions with poisonous gases, such as oxygen, readily forming oxides/hydroxides. In this study, we report studies on hydrogen behaviour AB5-type storage alloys, formed by LaNi(5–x)Snx (X = 0.2) followed electroless Pd deposition. The uncoated and Pd-coated materials were characterized using scanning electron microsco...

The enantioselective version of palladium-catalyzed allylic substitution, sometimes referred to as AAA (asymmetric allylic alkylation), has emerged as a powerful synthetic tool.[1] Since the first report of a stoichiometric AAA reaction in the 1970s,[2] it took almost 20 years of research until effective catalytic systems based on chiral ligands were developed. The major challenge in conducting...

A series of subporphyrin-based fluorescent probes bearing 1-aza-15-crown-5 or 1-aza-18-crown-6 moieties at the meso axial positions were prepared by Pd-catalyzed Buchwald-Hartwig amination reaction corresponding bromosubporphyrins. Both types aza-crown-ether-incorporated subporphyrins in solution and exhibited cation-dependent absorption fluorescence changes. In titration experiments, opposite ...