Extreme laser peak intensities can be produced with current laser technology, using both the chirped pulse amplification (CPA) technique (Strickland & Mourou, 1985) and Ti:Sapphire amplification crystals (Le Blanc et al., 1993). Laser systems using this technology are commercially providing instantaneous power in excess of 100 TW with a laser pulse duration ∼30 fs and energy per pulse of severa...

Insight into the dynamics of parasite-host relationships of higher vertebrates requires an understanding of two important features: the nature of transmission and the development of acquired immunity in the host. A dominant hypothesis proposes that acquired immunity develops with the cumulative exposure to infection, and consequently predicts a negative relationship between peak intensity of in...

the efficacious effects of pulsed electromagnetic field (pemf) under the certain field parameters like frequency and the field intensity have been reported for various tissue and molecules. since collagen is found abundantly in most tissue structures, this research was designed to further investigate the effects of extremely low frequency (elf) pemf on the synthesis of the epidermal collagen. t...

To evaluate the hypothesis that endurance training increases intramuscular triglyceride (IMTG) oxidation, we studied leg net free fatty acid (FFA) and glycerol exchange during 1 h of cycle ergometry at two intensities before training [45 and 65% of peak rate of oxygen consumption (V˙o 2 peak)] and after training [65% pretrainingV˙o 2 peak, same absolute workload (ABT), and 65% posttrainingV˙o 2...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine whether myocardial perfusion can be quantified with myocardial contrast echocardiography using left atrial (LA) injection of contrast. METHODS AND RESULTS Based on a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments, the optimal dose of sonicated albumin microbubbles injected into the LA for establishing a linear relation between video intensity ...

Compound action potentials (CAP) were recorded from the exposed intracranial portion of the eighth nerve to stimulation with click sounds in patients with sensorineural high-frequency hearing loss who underwent microvascular decompression (MVD) operations to treat trigeminal neuralgia (TN). In patients with normal hearing the CAP recorded in that way is characterized by a negative peak, precede...

Both high peak oxygen consumption (VO(2)) and high levels of leisure time physical activity (LTPA) are associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We examined the contributions of LTPA and peak VO(2) to the risk of coronary events (CEs) in healthy younger (< or = 65 years, n = 522) and older (>65 years, n = 167) men from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. L...

AIM Intervention fidelity refers to the degree to which an experimental manipulation has been implemented as intended, but simple, robust methods for quantifying fidelity have not been well documented. Therefore, we aim to illustrate a rigorous quantitative evaluation of intervention fidelity, using data collected during a high-intensity interval training intervention. DESIGN Single-group mea...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and single brain metastasis (MET) are the 2 most common malignant brain tumors that can appear similar on anatomic imaging but require vastly different treatment strategy. The purpose of our study was to determine whether the peak height and the percentage of signal intensity recovery derived from dynamic susceptibility-weighted contrast-enha...

RATIONALE The endurance time (T(end)) during constant-workrate cycling exercise (CET) is highly variable in COPD. We investigated pulmonary and physiological variables that may contribute to these variations in T(end). METHODS Ninety-two patients with COPD completed a CET performed at 80% of peak workrate capacity (W(peak)). Patients were divided into tertiles of T(end) [Group 1: <4 min; Grou...