Transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L, cv. SR-1) expressing mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase, MTLD, in chloroplasts and myo-inositol O-methyltransferase, IMT1, in the cytosol after crossing of lines which expressed these foreign genes separately has been analysed. Plants expressing both enzymes accumulated mannitol and D-ononitol in amounts comparable to those following single gene transfer...

decline in postharvest losses of kiwifruit depended to maintain of quality characteristics during storage and transportation. storage losses caused serious economic losses in kiwifruit. this study was conducted to inhibition of pathogen infection and increasing fruit quality of kiwifruit. hayward kiwifruits inoculated by b.cinerea conidia through pore wounds which formed by removal of the pedic...

Mutualisms play a key role in most ecosystems, yet the mechanisms that prevent overexploitation of the mutualistic relationship are still poorly understood. In the mutualism between fig trees and their pollinating wasps both partners depend on each other. Fig trees benefit from female wasps that disperse their pollen, whereas wasps frequently benefit from a higher ratio of male offspring. Here ...

Five reproductive efficiency methods (REM) were evaluated under field condition to measure yield in 12 varieties of Brassica campestris L. in 2005 and 2006 at Mymensingh (2475′ N latitude and 9050′ E longitude) based on flower and siliqua production and total reproductive unit (TRUnumber of buds, flowers, siliqua and number of empty pedicels). Five REMs were estimated and they were REM-I [ (Mat...

In their transmission electron microscope (TEM) study of the rabbit kidney, Elias et al. (1964, 1966) reported an occurrence of "podocytic membranes" which were attenuated parts of the body of the podocytes covering the processes and pedicels of podocytes and forming closed spaces, "subpodocytic lacunae" (Fig. 1, 2). In this scanning electron microscope (SEM) study, we demonstrate the three-dim...

Plant architecture is dictated by morphogenetic factors that specify the number and symmetry of lateral organs as well as their positions relative to the primary axis. Mutants defective in the patterning of leaves and floral organs have provided new insights on the signaling pathways involved, but there is comparatively little information regarding aspects of the patterning of stems, which play...

Six sequences that are closely related to the S gene family of the largely self-incompatible Brassica species have been identified in self-fertilizing Arabidopsis. The sequences define four genomic regions that map to chromosomes 1 and 3. Of the four functional genes identified, only the previously reported Arabidopsis AtS1 gene was expressed specifically in papillar cells and may function in p...

Polar auxin transport plays a key role in the regulation of plant growth and development. To identify genes involved in this process, we have developed a genetic procedure to screen for mutants of Arabidopsis that are altered in their response to auxin transport inhibitors. We recovered a total of 16 independent mutants that defined seven genes, called TRANSPORT lNHIBlTOR RESPONSE (TIR) genes. ...

In the rust fungus Uromyces fabae, the transition from the early stages of host plant invasion toward parasitic growth is accompanied by the activation of many genes (PIGs = in planta induced genes). Two of them, PIG1 (= THI1) and PIG4 (= THI2), were found to be highly transcribed in haustoria, and are homologous to genes involved in thiamine (vitamin B1) biosynthesis in yeast. Their functional...

Physiological functions of sucrose (Suc) transporters (SUTs) localized to the tonoplast in higher plants are poorly understood. We here report the isolation and characterization of a mutation in the rice (Oryza sativa) OsSUT2 gene. Expression of OsSUT2-green fluorescent protein in rice revealed that OsSUT2 localizes to the tonoplast. Analysis of the OsSUT2 promoter::β-glucuronidase transgenic r...