The alkaline-lysis mini-preparation method of isolating plasmid DNA includes several time-consuming steps. Here we provide a shortened protocol in which the volumes and incubation times have been altered (in particular the ethanol precipitation step) and the phenol extraction and RNAse digestion omitted completely. Recently a mini-prep method has been published requiring the use of caesium chlo...

The presence of the anisakid nematode Hysterothylacium gadi aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802) is reported for the first time in cultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) as a new host in freshwater farms from Turkey. This marine parasitic nematode is thought to complete the life cycle in fresh water and rainbow trout could act as the definitive host for this parasite under fresh water c...

The need for accurate in vitro dosimetry remains a major obstacle to the development of cost-effective toxicological screening methods for engineered nanomaterials. An important key to accurate in vitro dosimetry is the characterization of sedimentation and diffusion rates of nanoparticles suspended in culture media, which largely depend upon the effective density and diameter of formed agglome...

The electron microscopy of sections of isolated cells, such as tissue culture cells, white cells, or red blood cells, presents special problems in handling and orientation. When it is desired to retain the original relationship between cells, as, for example, tissue culture cells growing on a glass surface, it is necessary to process and embed the cells in situ (1, 2). One of the disadvantages ...

1. Leukocytosis- and lymphocytosis-stimulating activity was present in fluid cultures of B. pertussis. The activity was found primarily in the culture supernatant fluid. 2. The sequential changes in the leukocyte response were similar to those previously observed following injection of intact bacteria into mice. 3. Activity was destroyed by heat and was diminished, but not abolished, by prolong...

the present study was designed to assess the cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of methanol extract of woodfordia fruticosa flowers. cytotoxic activity of methanol extract of woodfordia fruticosa flowers was tested using artemia salina (brine shrimp) bioassay. two doses (400 and 600 mg/kg) were evaluated for the anti-inflammatory activity against the carrageenan, histamine...

BACKGROUND Mycobacterium smegmatis is a rapidly-growing mycobacterium causing rare opportunistic infections in human patients. It is present in soil and water environments where free-living amoeba also reside, but data regarding M. smegmatis-amoeba relationships have been contradictory from mycobacteria destruction to mycobacteria survival. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Using optic and elect...