In 1944 medical personnel in London was scattered and communications were difficult, but a meeting at the Royal Society of Medicine in November of that year was one of the most crowded ever held there. Such an audience could then have been attracted by only one subject, penicillin, which at that time was proving its worth in the treatment of battle casualties. Of the opening speakers, Fleming i...

penicillin acylase (ec 3.5.1.11) has been a target of study for a long time because of its pivotal role in the deacylation of the penicillin into the 6- aminopenicillanic acid (6-apa) and the side-chain organic acids. this property of penicillin acylase has been exploited commercially for large scale production of 6-apa, which is the key intermediate in the manufacture of semi-synthetic penicil...

The serum concentrations, urinary and biliary excretions of six penicillin derivatives including aspoxicillin (ASPC) were studied in rats and the correlation between the values of pharmacokinetic parameters thus obtained and the Rm values measured by means of reversed phase TLC were analyzed. Among the penicillins studied, the hydrophilicity of amoxicillin was the highest (the lowest Rm value),...

OBJECTIVE Our objective of the study was to determine the association between frequent use of Penicillins and Cephalosporins with developmental defects of enamel in pediatric age group. METHODS This is a cross sectional study, conducted at Ziauddin University. A total of 367 children, having the history of either Penicillin or Cephalosporin exposure were included. The parents of children were...

Amoxycillin was significantly more active than ampicillin in the treatment of intraperitoneal mouse infections when administered by oral and parenteral routes, although the causal bacteria were equally susceptible in vitro to the two penicillins. Amoxycillin produced higher antibiotic blood concentrations in mice than ampicillin after oral administration, and this was a possible explanation for...

OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to assess which antibiotic is most effective in the treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis in otherwise healthy adults and adolescents, and which has the fewest side effects. DESIGN To assess the short-term effects of antimicrobial treatments, a meta-analysis was performed using Mantel-Haenszel procedures on 16 comparative, randomized studies with a total...

RECENT investigations have demonstrated the importance of the benzylpenicilloyl group as an antigenic determinant in benzylpenicillin (PG) hypersensitivity (Levine and Ovary, 1961) (Fig. 1). It has been suggested that this antigen is formed by the conjugation to protein of the highly reactive intermediate, benzylpenicillenic acid (Fig. 1, B). A number of conventional penicillins derived from 6-...

The chemical stability and anticoagulant activity of heparin (20 U/ml) were studied in five intravenous fluids at room temperature. Heparin remained stable and active for 24 hours in normal saline, but there was a rapid inactivation of 40 to 55% in solutions containing dextrose or lactate, as measured by chemical and biological methods.High concentrations of benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, or met...