Despite Stock Option Plans’ (SOPs) widespread use, evidence regarding their use and their effectiveness is relatively sparse and typically relies on an agency theory perspective that emphasizes the principal’s interests in a market context. This study focuses on the agent as an individual who is involved in SOP management. Eighteen interviews with senior executives were conducted. Their respons...

This paper is an empirical study of the market for managers, more speci…cally the e¤ects of agency, human capital, and preferences on their promotion, tenure, turnover and compensation. From a large longitudinal data set compiled from observations on executives and their publicly listed …rms, we construct a career hierarchy and report on its main features. Our summary results motivate a dynamic...

This paper studies the effect of changes in foreign competition on the incentives faced by U.S. managers through wage structures, promotion profiles and job turnover. We use a panel of executives and measure foreign competition as import penetration. Using tariffs and exchange rates as instrumental variables, we estimate the causal effect of globalization on the labor market outcomes of these w...

ABSTRACT The limitation of executive compensation has been a matter public and policy debate for at least 20 years. We examine regulatory action in Austria 2014 where the tax deductibility total value is unavoidably limited. find no average effects on growth or composition executives’ pay. However, limit affects managers firms with low bargaining power strong corporate governance, indicating th...

This study examines the records executives framework for inside and clearing units at PT. Bank Syariah Indonesia KC S. Parman. The motivation behind this paper is (1) to portray how unit document board Kc Parman(2) depicts limitations looked during time spent recording Parman(3) portrays endeavors made defeat obstructions in system of Homegrown Clearing Information was gathered through percepti...

The practice of executives influencing their option compensation by setting a grant date retrospectively is known as backdating. Since executive stock options are usually granted at-the-money, selecting an advantageous to coincide with low price will be valuable executive. Empirical evidence shows that backdating grants was prevalent, particularly at firms highly volatile prices. Executives who...

During speech perception, listeners compensate for phonological rules of their language. For instance, English place assimilation causes green boat to be typically pronounced as greem boat; English listeners, however, perceptually compensate for this rule and retrieve the intended sound (n). Previous research using EEG has focused on rules with clear phonetic underpinnings, showing that percept...

The question of whether speech perceivers use visual coarticulatory information in speech perception remains unanswered, despite numerous past studies. Across different coarticulatory contexts, studies have both detected (e.g., Mitterer in Perception & Psychophysics, 68, 1227-1240, 2006) and failed to detect (e.g., Vroomen & de Gelder in Language and Cognitive Processes, 16, 661-672. doi: 10.10...