Background and Purpose—Neurocognitive dysfunction is an important source of patient morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery that may disproportionately affect postmenopausal women. 17 -Estradiol limits the extent of ischemic neuronal injury in a variety of experimental models. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether perioperative administration of 17 -estradiol to postmenopausal...

responsible for lower cardiac risk among patients taking atenolol. It instead tests whether there is an association between atenolol use and risk factors for retained instruments such as obesity, unplanned or altered operations, and staff adherence to operative checklists. However, these biases are not likely to coexist with other unobserved patient characteristics that confound the association...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Neurocognitive dysfunction is an important source of patient morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery that may disproportionately affect postmenopausal women. 17beta-Estradiol limits the extent of ischemic neuronal injury in a variety of experimental models. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether perioperative administration of 17beta-estradiol to postmeno...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Improvements in cardiac surgery mortality and morbidity have focused interest on the neurological injury such as stroke and cognitive decline that may accompany an otherwise successful operation. We aimed to investigate (1) the rate of stroke, new ischemic change on MRI, and cognitive impairment after cardiac valve surgery; and (2) the controversial relationship between p...

BACKGROUND Lung volumes in obese patients are reduced significantly in the postoperative period. As the effect of different analgesic regimes on perioperative spirometric tests in obese patients has not yet been studied, we investigated the effect of thoracic epidural analgesia and conventional opioid-based analgesia on perioperative lung volumes measured by spirometry. METHODS Eighty-four pa...

BACKGROUND High concentrations of inspired oxygen are associated with pulmonary atelectasis but also provide recognized advantages. Consequently, the appropriate inspired oxygen concentration for general surgical use remains controversial. The authors tested the hypothesis that atelectasis and pulmonary dysfunction on the first postoperative day are comparable in patients given 30% or 80% perio...

OBJECTIVES Video laparoscopic bariatric surgery is the preferred surgical technique for treating morbid obesity. However, pneumoperitoneum can pose risks to the kidneys by causing a decrease in renal blood flow. Furthermore, as in other surgical procedures, laparoscopic bariatric surgery triggers an acute inflammatory response. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin is an early and accurate...

Ultrasound (US) is gradually gaining in importance in neurosurgery alongside perioperative CT/MRI as a useful tool for imaging brain lesions preand perioperatively. The basic examination currently involves two-dimensional ultrasound imaging (B-mode). To improve and refine orientation within the operating field, 3D ultrasound imaging using computer-aided reconstruction of a series of consecutive...