introduction: orexin-a and b (hypocretin 1 and 2) are neuropeptides that are mostly expressed in the posterior and lateral hypothalamus (lh). intracisternal (icv) and intratechal (it) injections of orexin-a (hypocretin-1) have been shown to elicit analgesic responses in formalin test. however, the locations of central sites that may mediate these effects have not been clearly elucidated. orexin...

background: previous studies reported that neonatal and maternal complications as well as duration of labor could be diminished through labor management. therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of intramuscular (im) administration of atropine and hyoscine combination on labor progress and maternal and neonatal outcomes in primigravid women admitted to taleghani hospital of arak, iran. method...

anti n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (nmdr) encephalitis has been recognized as the most frequent autoimmune encephalitis in children after acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis (adem).however due to the variable the variable clinical presentation, the paucity of specific finding on standard laboratory and radiological investigation remains under recognized. first discribed in 2005, most commonly...

In this paper, we present soliton-like solutions of the non-linear complex Klein-Gordon systems in 1+1 dimensions. We will use polar representation to introduce three different soliton-like solutions including, complex kinks (anti-kinks), radiative profiles, and localized wave-packets. Complex kinks (anti-kinks) are topological objects with zero electrical charges. Radiative profiles are object...

background and objective: due to the presence of some evidence for anti-diabetic and antioxidant activity of tribulus terrestris (tt), this study was designed to investigate the anti-nociceptive effect of tt in streptozotocin-diabetic rats using formalin test and hot tail immersion tests. materials and methods: rats were divided into control, tt-treated control, diabetic, sodium salicylate (ss)...

In present paper, dynamic behavior and control of a fluidized bed reactor for polyethylene production has been considered. A double active sites model for Ziegler-Natta catalysts is used for simulation of polymerization reaction. Hydrodynamic behavior of the bed is modeled using a two phase model including bubble and emulsion phases in which bubble phase has plug flow pattern with different...

Although non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioid compounds are widely used in the releif of pain, they are not always useful due to their side effects. It seems necessary to search for newer analgesic compounds. Therefore, we decided to study the analgesic effects of this plant. For extraction, percolation method was used and different weights of dried extract were dissolved i...

Although non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioid compounds are widely used in the releif of pain, they are not always useful due to their side effects. It seems necessary to search for newer analgesic compounds. Therefore, we decided to study the analgesic effects of this plant. For extraction, percolation method was used and different weights of dried extract were dissolved i...