Moths can biosynthesize sex pheromones in the female sex pheromone glands (PGs) and can distinguish species-specific sex pheromones using their antennae. However, the biosynthesis and transportation mechanism for Type II sex pheromone components has rarely been documented in moths. In this study, we constructed a massive PG transcriptome database (14.72 Gb) from a moth species, Ectropis grisesc...

Pheromones, chemical signals that convey social information, mediate many insect social behaviors, including navigation and aggregation. Several studies have suggested that behavior during the immature larval stages of Drosophila development is influenced by pheromones, but none of these compounds or the pheromone-receptor neurons that sense them have been identified. Here we report a larval ph...

The BOVINOSE project (www.bovinose.eu) aims to develop an “electronic nose” to detect estrus in a dairy cow, and thus to determine the optimal timing of artificial insemination. The physical principle is based on detection of sex pheromones that are secreted by the cow, exclusively during estrus. These pheromones are the natural olfactory signal for the bull that the cow is in heat. This techno...

In this paper, we discuss the principle of synthetic pheromones, which we view as a high level coordination mechanism suitable for highly scalable, open and self-organized systems, of which peer to peer systems are an example. We present a stable abstraction for the application of synthetic pheromones, building on an existing coordination mechanism, objectspaces. The coordination principle is e...

The worldwide variation in mating strategies can be explained by differential paternal investment theory, which traces the differences back to the climates where the various peoples (races) evolved. Male provisioning is necessary for women and children to survive cold winters, which is less essential for tropical women. Androstenone may be the substance that makes symmetrical men smell better t...

Fish, like many other animals, panic when another individual is injured. Now, the chemical nature of a substance that mediates this reaction has been uncovered.

The effectiveness of two different types of pheromone release systems in disrupting OBLR mating and subsequently preventing fruit damage were compared in 2.6–5.6-acre blocks in three commercial orchards in western NY: (1) Microsprayers (aerosol spray-burst devices, MSU), one application setup for the summer (Doyle and Oakes orchards); (2) Paraffin-based pheromone emulsions (Agrium), one applica...

In diverse and productive habitats, predaceous arthropods are expected to frequently encounter dangerous conspecifics and heterospecifics. This should make quick and accurate discriminations between species and sexes adaptive. By simultaneously sampling both visual cues and pheromones, and by utilizing stringent species- and sex-specific visual recognition templates, an individual should be abl...

In the homobasidiomycete Schizophyllum commune the mating type genes of the B locus encode pheromones and pheromone receptors in multiple allelic specificities. Interaction of non-self pheromones and receptors leads to induction of B-regulated development easily scored in S. commune by the "flat" phenotype which lacks aerial mycelium formation and shows aberrant hyphal morphology. In contrast, ...

The concept of mammalian pheromones was established decades before the discovery of any bioactive ligands. Therefore, their molecular identity, native sources, and the meaning of their detection has been largely speculative. There has been recent success in identifying a variety of candidate mouse pheromones and other specialized odors. These discoveries reveal that mammalian pheromones come in...