The role of sediment-bound organic phosphorus (Po) on lake eutrophication was studied using sequential extraction and enzymatic hydrolysis by collecting sediments from Dianchi Lake, China. Bioavailable Po species including labile monoester P, diester P, and phytate-like P were identified in the sequential extractions by H2O, NaHCO3, and NaOH. For the H2O-Po, 36.7% (average) was labile monoester...

The present study investigates how the original sewage sludge characteristics influence composition of sludge-based chars for land applications. Sewage from two different wastewater treatment plants in Sweden was pyrolyzed at 500, 700, and 900 °C, resulting were analyzed. Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations (TEC), together with chemical fractionation, implemented to simulate char after pyrol...

This paper reviews current knowledge on sampling, storage and analysis of phosphorus (P) in river waters. Potential sensitivity of rivers with different physical, chemical and biological characteristics (trophic status, turbidity, flow regime, matrix chemistry) is examined in terms of errors associated with sampling, sample preparation, storage, contamination, interference and analytical errors...

A suboxic groundwater from a sandy coastal aquifer was sampled using a new air free, large volume sampling method. Subsequent processing for size fractionation was completed with a modified cross-flow ultrafiltration (CFF) system equipped with a 1 kDa CFF membrane. By purging the CFF system with nitrogen, no oxygen was able to reach the sample. With this optimization, the sample was processed w...

The phosphate oxygen isotopic composition in naturally occurring particulate phosphatic compounds (y18Op) can be used as a tracer for phosphate sources and to evaluate the cycling of phosphorus (P) in the environment. However, phosphatic compounds must be converted to silver phosphate prior to isotopic analysis, a process that involves digestion of particulate matter in acid. This digestion wil...

Abnormalities in the plasma lipids have been correlated with the nephrotic syndrome for many years. Zone (3) and immunoelectrophoresis (4), Cohn fractionation (5), and ultracentrifugal analysis (6, 7) have all confirmed increased concentrations of certain plasma lipoproteins. Recent studies by Baxter, Goodman and Havel (7) have documented abnormal proportions of cholesterol, triglyceride and ph...

The first successful attempt to obtain more active preparations of the parathyroid hormone than, those described by Collip and Clark (1) was reported by Ross and Wood (2) in 1942. Their method was based upon an extraction of beef parathyroid glands with hot dilute acid, followed by fractionation of the extract with alcohol and then with ammonium sulfate, and adsorption of the active principle o...

Melt inclusions are often used to infer melting processes or determine source magmas that usually overprinted in bulk rocks due late stage mixing near surface contamination. Here we present the first investigation of oxygen (O) isotope equilibrium between melt and their host olivines from arc samples. Olivines all but one sample record either magma fractional crystallization. All six Vulcano, 8...