The hyporheic zone (HZ), as the connecting ecotone between surface- and groundwater, is functionally part of both fluvial and groundwater ecosystems. Its hydrological, chemical, biological and metabolic features are specific of this zone, not belonging truly neither to surface- nor to groundwater. Exchanges of water, nutrients, and organic matter occur in response to variations in discharge and...

Carbonate rocks are composed of carbonate minerals that chemically formed in the form solutions, and there organisms involved their formation. The limestone found around Lake Limboto is very interesting, because water lake freshwater while characteristic a marine environment. Diagenesis natural process sedimentary occurs from initial deposition until it reaches limit metamorphism will be formed...

The study site covers an area of 273 km in the Oristano plain on the western coast of central Sardinia (Italy). In the coastal area, since 1950, intensive agriculture and subsequent urbanization have resulted in overexploitation of the aquifer system and significant deterioration of groundwater quality due to seawater encroachment. The groundwater basin, hosted in the Quaternary alluvia release...

Upper Gotvand dam is constructed on the Karun River located in the south west of Iran. In this paper, 2D and 3D models of the dam together with the foundation and abutments were constructed and several seepage analyses were carried out. Then the gypsum veins scattered throughout the foundation ground and also the seepage pattern were included in the models, hence the dissolution law of gypsum, ...

Abstract This study presents the first hydrogeochemical model of hydrothermal systems Turrialba and Irazú volcanoes in central Costa Rica, manifested as thermal springs, summit crater lakes, fumarolic degassing at both volcanoes. Our period observations (2007–2012) coincides with pre- early syn-phreatic eruption stages volcano that resumed volcanic unrest since 2004, after almost 140 years quie...