medicinal plants have high importance in medicine and pharmacogonosy because of their secondary metabolites. essential oils, antioxidants and flavonoids are the major compounds of many medicinal plants. these compounds especially antioxidants can increase oxidation of dna in response to wounds. nowadays, progresses in biotechnology such as molecular markers were used for phylogenetic relationsh...

Studies on earthworms using molecular markers are rare in Africa except a handful from South Africa. Reports on Libyodrilus violaceous,an earthworm found in West Africaare available including their metal tolerance and bioaccumulation capacity but their molecular characterization and ecotoxicology studies are scarce. In this study, triplicate L. violaceous specimens were collec...

The repeated appearance of strikingly similar crab-like forms in independent decapod crustacean lineages represents a remarkable case of parallel evolution. Uncertainty surrounding the phylogenetic relationships among crab-like lineages has hampered evolutionary studies. As is often the case, aligned DNA sequences by themselves were unable to fully resolve these relationships. Four nested mitoc...

The restriction fragment length polymorphism of the 195 bp repeated DNA sequence of Trypanosoma cruzi was analyzed among 23 T. cruzi stocks giving a reliable picture of the whole phylogenetic variability of the species. The profiles observed with the enzymes Hinf I and Hae III were linked together and supported the existence of two groups. Group 1 shows a 195 bp repeated unit (Hinf I) and high ...

Although being recognized as a major force behind speciation in flowering plants, the evolutionary relevance of genome duplication (polyploidization) remains largely unexplored mosses. Phylogenetic and-genomic insights from model organism Physcomitrella patens and closely related species revealed that polyploidization, likely via hybridization (allopolyploidization), gives rise to new within Fu...

Phylogenetic markers are widely used in DNA barcoding, DNA taxonomy, and amplicon based metagenomics. In this thesis, we address problems with phylogenetic marker analysis by developing novel models and algorithms. We present the Poisson Tree Processes (PTP) model for species delimitation using single-locus phylogenetic markers. We develop and test algorithms for maximum likelihood inference un...

The Umbelliferae is a large and taxonomically complex family of flowering plants whose phylogenetic relationships, particularly at low taxonomic levels, are generally obscure based on current and widely used molecular markers. Thus, information on the phylogenetic utility of additional molecular markers at these levels is highly favorable. We investigate the utility of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nr...

Phylogenetic and epidemiological relatedness among transferable plasmids belonging to the IncC, IncM and IncH incompatibility groups has been studied by DNA-DNA filter hydridization. Hybridization was carried out on nitrocellulose microfilters, at low temperature, in formamide and under paraffin oil. The degree of hybridization among plasmids belonging to the IncC and IncM groups supported the ...

The use of molecular data to study the evolutionary history organisms has revolutionized field systematics. Now with appearance high throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies, more and genetic sequence are available. One important sources for phylogenetic analyses been mitochondrial DNA. limitations DNA relationships have thoroughly explored in age single locus studies. genomic scale data, incre...

The phylogenetic placement of the monotypic crab plover Dromasardeola (Aves, Charadriiformes) remains controversial. Phylogenetic analysis of anatomical and behavioral traits using phenetic and cladistic methods of tree inference have resulted in conflicting tree topologies, suggesting a close association of Dromas to members of different suborders and lineages within Charadriiformes. Here, we ...