This article discusses the relationship between race and physical anthropology in Hungary and Romania between 1900 and 1940. It begins by looking at institutional developments in both countries and how these influenced the most important Hungarian and Romanian anthropologists' professional and research agendas. Drawing from a wide range of primary sources, the article reveals the significant ro...

Kant lectured on anthropology for nearly 25 years, from 1772 until he retired in 1796. He subsequently went over his lecture notes for publication, and the resulting book—the last published under his supervision, in 1798—is presented here in translation, with a helpful introduction and explanatory notes. The lectures touched on many aspects of human cognition and behavior, including topics Kant...

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Based on ethnographic interviews, we discuss three ideas we believe will expand knowledge of older informants' thoughts about and representations of generativity. We adapt the notion of "dividuality" as developed in cultural anthropology to reframe ideas on generativity. The term dividuality refers to a condition of interpersonal or intergenerational connectedness, as disti...

Meanings attributed to Upper Paleolithic female figurines in the past have been based on the assumption that they are all alike in important ways. Attention is called here to the diversity of the figurines, and possible alternative interpretations. Among the earliest depictions of human beings, dating back to perhaps 30,000 years ago, are small figurines of nude females, which are found across ...

Physical anthropology was obsessed with types and racial purity for an exceptionally long time, only breaking through the clouds of typology in the 1960s and 1970s. For at least a hundred years, research on the Khoekhoe peoples of southern Africa was directed by the idea of Hamitic origins for these pastoralists, and the dynamics and variation of the native populations were ignored so that indi...

Franz Boas's classic study, Changes in Bodily Form of Descendants of Immigrants, is a landmark in the history of anthropology. More than any single study, it undermined racial typology in physical anthropology and helped turn the tide against early-20thcentury scientific racism. In 1928, Boas responded to critics of the immigrant study by publishing the raw data set as Materials for the Study o...