The effects of putative retinal neurotransmitters and several neuropeptides on 3H-dopamine release from isolated perfused carp (Cyprinus carpio) retinas were studied. Of the transmitter candidates tested, only serotonin (5-HT) and the 5-HT agonist tryptamine released 3H-dopamine. However, the release evoked by these agents was calcium (Ca2+) independent and not blockable by the 5-HT antagonist ...

In the present study, anticonvulsant activity of methanol extract of Eclipta alba (10-200 mg/kg) was studied using pentylenetetrazole- and picrotoxin-induced seizure models. Mechanism of effect of methanol extract of Eclipta alba was further elucidated by studying its GABAA receptor modulatory activity and its effect on levels of GABA in mice brain. Methanol extract of Eclipta alba exhibited po...

The study was designed to investigate some central effects of chiral xanthone derivatives [(R,S)-2-N-(6-chloro-2-xanthonemethyl)-amino-1-propanol - MH-31, R enantiomer - MH-32 and S enantiomer - MH-33] in mice. The effects of these chiral compounds were examined in picrotoxin-induced seizures, spontaneous locomotor activity and chimney tests. The tested compounds demonstrated variable influence...

Abrus precatorius which is commonly called as Indian licorice has been used for many centuries by traditional healers of Tanzania for the treatment of convulsions. The present work has been carried out to evaluate the anticonvulsant activity of the ethanolic extract (EE) of A. precatorius leaves against Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), Picrotoxin and Maximal electroshock (MES) induced convulsions at t...

The hypothesis that synaptic excitation in the CA1 region of the hippocampus is mediated in part by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors was tested using intra- and extracellular recording techniques. Synaptic potentials elicited by stratum radiatum stimulation were examined in individual neurons before and after bath application of the NMDA receptor antagonist, DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate ...

This study was undertaken to determine the possible role of GABA as an afferent transmitter in the vestibular system of the axolotl. We studied the effects of GABA, muscimol, bicuculline and picrotoxin on the spontaneous spike discharge of the afferent fibers of the sacculi lagena and anterior semicircular canal. It was found that GABA and muscimol produce a very weak excitatory effect which do...

Introduction: Aggressive behavior is a major issue in the field of mental health. Pharmacotherapy is often used for the treatment of violent individuals. A neurochemical system most consistently linked with aggression is the GABAergic system. The aim of the present investigation was to examine the effect of muscimol (GABAA agonist) 250 and 500 ng/rat and picrotoxin (GABAA antagonist) 1.5 and...

objective(s):the mechanism of hypothermia action of acetaminophen (apap) remains unclear even 125 years after its synthesis. acetaminophen produces hypothermia. the mechanism of this reduction in core body temperature is not clear but evidence shows that it is not dependent on opioid and cannabinoid receptors. because of strong documents about the roles of gaba and benzodiazepine receptors in h...

The cerebral-buccal interneurons (CBIs) in Aplysia are a group of inter-ganglionic projection neurons that regulate feeding motor programs. In this study, electrophysiological and immunocytological methods were used to identify a previously uncharacterized CBI, designated CBI-11. CBI-11 is a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-immunoreactive neuron located in the G cluster of the cerebral ganglion. ...