Accelerated breeding of plant species has the potential to help challenge environmental and biochemical cues to support global crop security. We demonstrate the over-expression of ArabidopsisFLOWERING LOCUS T in Agrobacterium-mediated transformed cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz; cultivar 60444) to trigger early flowering in glasshouse-grown plants. An event seldom seen in a glasshouse environ...

Relationships between flowers and pollinators are generally considered cases of mutualism since both agents gain benefits. Fine-tuned adaptations are usually found in the form of strict one-to-one coevolution between species. Many insect pollinators are, however, considered generalists, visiting numerous kinds of flowers, and many flower species (angiosperms) are also considered generalists, vi...

The phenological and ecological study on Punica granatum L., a cultivated and wild species found in outer Himalayan ranges and warm inner valleys (alt. 700 2700m), was carried out during April and May of 2006 and 2007 in Kathmandu Valley. The study covered blooming time, size of flower, its correlation and interaction with the visitors and pollinators. The prime pollinator was Apis cerena along...

In this paper, we handle a remote ikebana (i.e., flower arrangement) system with olfactory and haptic media. In the system, a teacher or a student can hold a flower, adjust the length of the held flower’s stem with a pair of scissors, and impale the flower on a flower pinholder in a 3-D virtual space. We investigate the influence of the size of smell space (defined as a sphere in which we can p...

Diffusetes from seedlings and root exudates from 6-week-old plants of a monoecious line of cucumber, Cucumis sativus L., contained considerably higher levels of gibberellin.(GA-)like substances than did those from plants of an isogenic gynoecious line. Most of the GA4ike activity was found in a chromatogram region ty.pical of GA1 and GA3; some activity, particularly in root exudates, appeared a...

During saffron (Crocus sativus) spice production, large amounts of floral biowaste are generated. It was the aim of this study to develop a value-added product from saffron floral biowaste to be used as a natural cosmetic ingredient. HPLC-PDA-MS analysis of saffron flower extracts revealed the presence of flavonols with the highest amounts in the acetone extract. Kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside was ...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com main component of flower color is anthocyanin, a type of flavonoid [1]. Numerous genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis have been analyzed in various plants, and their biosynthesis pathways determined [2,3]. In addition to anthocyanins, flavonols and organic acids also play a role in flower color as ‘co-pigments’ [4]. Fragrant cyclamen cultivars...

BACKGROUND Children of workers exposed to pesticides are at risk of secondary pesticide exposure. We evaluated the potential for lower acetylcholinesterase activity in children cohabiting with fresh-cut flower plantation workers, which would be expected from organophosphate and carbamate insecticide exposure. Parental home surveys were performed and acetylcholinesterase activity was measured in...

Computer Graphics (CG) and Virtual Reality (VR) technologies have rapidly improved in recent years. It enabled us to develop some useful systems such as air hockey, catch ball, tennis and horseback riding for sports field, surgical simulations and support systems for medical field, calligraphy and flower arrangement for educational field. The good training systems have force feedback for users ...