Pituitary adenomas (Pic. 1) are a category of tumors with a high degree of diversity that occur in the central regulatory organ pituitary, which plays important roles in the hypothalamus–pituitary-targeted organ axis systems (set of direct influences and feedback interactions among hypothalamus and pituitary gland) that impact on important physiological functions of human body. Hormones secrete...

GPR120 is a G-protein-coupled receptor that is activated by long-chain fatty acids. In our previous study, GPR120 expression was detected in gonadotrophs of the mouse anterior pituitary gland. It is well known that the function of anterior pituitary cells is largely under the influence of circulating sex steroids. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the modulatory roles of the ovarian h...

The anterior pituitary of teleost fish contains a variety of endocrine cells, which, under control from the hypothalamus, release trophic hormones and thereby play a major role in reproduction, social behavior, and growth. In fish, hypothalamic fibers directly innervate the pituitary. The hypothalamic hormones released from these fibers bind to membrane receptors on pituitary cells, triggering ...

Pituitary tumors, the most common intracranial tumors, lead to serious morbidity through the inappropriate secretion of pituitary hormones. The anomalous expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), which have a crucial status in the development and function of pituitary gland, promotes the tumorigenesis of hypothalamic-pituitary axis-related pituitary tumors. This mainly leads to alterations in the funct...

Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET) are originating from adenohypophyseal cells. Although benign, PitNETs sometimes exhibit aggressive biological behavior that was the inspiration for change of old and traditional name "pituitary adenomas". Current standard in PitNET diagnostics, according to WHO criteria, is immunohistochemistry, with application antibodies adenohypophysis hormones transc...

In order to clarify the functional relationship between thyroid, adrenal and gonadal hormones, hypothyroidism was induced by administration of thiuoracil in adult male and female rats, and the effects of hypothyroidism on the adrenal and the gonadal axes were investigated in the present study. 1. The functional relationship between thyroid and adrenal hormones: Adrenal weights and corticosteron...

introduction: thyroid hormone is important for the growth, development and metabolism of the body. a new amount of data show that thyroid hormone influences on pituitary-testis axis. so in this study we investigated the effects of hypothyroidism induction by propiltiouracil (ptu) on serum levels of thyroid hormone, testosterone hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, body an...

The influence of the pituitary body on fatty acid and ketone body metabolism has excited interest ever since Anselmino and Hoffman demonstrated the ketogenic effect of an anterior pituitary extract in 1931.' The extensive literature which followed has been reviewed in two recent publications.10"' The development of ketosis is generally assumed to require an intact adenohypophysis,' and both the...