This work adopts background subtraction to develop automatic extraction of moving objects in video surveillance. Pixels at a specific position of continuous image frames are manipulated by the modified iterative threshold selection technique to determine the background gray-level value. Pixels at all positions employ such an iterative technique to establish the background that is then analyzed ...

In this paper, a watermark embedding method, using amplitude modulation technique, based on Gaussian pixel-weighting marks was proposed. The method utilized a technique of weighting marks by averaging the luminance of its own pixel and its neighboring pixels, and used it as an additional scaling factor in the existing watermark embedding methods, The watermark retrieval process was borrowed fro...

A new approach for the segmentation of local textile defects using feed-forward neural network is presented. Every fabric defect alters the gray-level arrangement of neighboring pixels, and this change is used to segment the defects. The feature vector for every pixel is extracted from the gray-level arrangement of its neighboring pixels. Principal component analysis using singular value decomp...

| This paper presents a new approach to image feature extraction which utilizes evolutionary autonomous agents. Image features are often mathematically deened in terms of the gray-level intensity at image pixels. The optimality of image feature extraction is to nd all the feature pixels from the image. In the proposed approach, the autonomous agents, being distributed computational entities, op...

This paper presents a new approach to image feature extraction which utilizes evolutionary autonomous agents. Image features are often mathematically defined in terms of the graylevel intensity at image pixels. The optimality of image feature extraction is to find all the feature pixels from the image. In the proposed approach, the autonomous agents, being distributed computational entities, op...

Image segmentation is crucial for multimedia applications. Multimedia databases utilize segmentation for the storage and indexing of images and video. Image segmentation is used for object tracking in the new MPEG-7 video compression standard. It is also used in video conferencing for compression and coding purposes. These are only some of the multimedia applications in image segmentation. It i...

Levin et al.’s Colorization method [1] requires neither precise image segmentation, nor accurate region tracking, which is in fact based on a simple premise: neighboring pixels in space-time that have similar intensities should have similar colors. The authors accomplish this by formalizing this idea using a quadratic cost function, which leads to an optimization problem that can be solved effi...

Several non-modular loss functions have been considered in the context of image segmentation. These loss functions do not necessarily have the same structure as the segmentation inference algorithm, and in general, we may have to resort to generic submodular minimization algorithms for loss augmented inference. Although these come with polynomial time guarantees, they are not practical to apply...

Incorrectly setting the camera’s exposure can have a significant negative effect on a photograph. Over-exposing photographs causes pixels to exhibit unpleasant artifacts due to saturation of the sensor. Saturation removal typically involves user intervention to adjust the color values, which is tedious and time-consuming. This paper discusses how saturation can be automatically removed without ...

In this paper, we propose a color image segmentation method based on gravitational clustering using neighbor relations in the spatial domain and distance information in RGB space among pixels. Most clustering-based segmentation algorithms use only color space distances after pixels are mapped from the spatial domain to color space, ignoring their neighbor relations; but we use both information....