Plants are vital for man and many species. They sources of food, medicine, fiber clothes materials shelter. a fundamental part healthy environment. However, plants subject to virus diseases. In most the propagation is done by vector. The traditional way controlling insects use insecticides that have negative effect on A more environmentally friendly control predators will prey vector, such as b...

Hydraulic redistribution (HR) - the movement of water from moist to dry soil through plant roots - occurs worldwide within a range of different ecosystems and plant species. The proposed ecological and hydrologic impacts of HR include increasing dry-season transpiration and photosynthetic rates, prolonging the life span of fine roots and maintaining root-soil contact in dry soils, and moving ra...

This paper presents MFM builder, a platform based on Multilevel Flow Modeling (MFM), which provides a graphical interface for modeling functions of complex artificial systems such as nuclear power plant with emphasizing the designed purposes of systems. Several algorithms based on MFM have been developed for dynamic system reliability analysis, fault diagnosis and quantitative software reliabil...