The purpose of this study was to determine whether the plant type 1 peroxisomal targeting signal (PTS1) utilizes amino acid residues that do not strictly adhere to the serine-lysine-leucine (SKL) motif (small-basic-hydrophobic residues). Selected residues were appended to the C terminus of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) and were tested for their ability to target CAT fusion proteins to...

We made use of EXLX1, an expansin from Bacillus subtilis, to investigate protein features essential for its plant cell wall binding and wall loosening activities. We found that the two expansin domains, D1 and D2, need to be linked for wall extension activity and that D2 mediates EXLX1 binding to whole cell walls and to cellulose via distinct residues on the D2 surface. Binding to cellulose is ...

In this work, long-term outdoor lysimeter investigations using C-labeled carbendazim (MBC) were carried out. At the start of the experiment a single application of MBC into the soil was performed, then barley as a test plant was sowed in four vegetative seasons. The disappearance of MBC in the soil comprised two phases. In the first phase, disappearance of extractable and the formation of bound...

Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Departments of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and Medical Microbiology and Immunology University of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles, California 90095, USA RNA editing is a term used to describe a diverse set of phenomena in whidi mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA transcripts are modified in sequence after transcription. The types of RNA editing vary ...

Application of plant residues as soil amendment may represent a valuable recycling strategy that affects carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling in soil–plant systems. The amount and rate of nutrient release from plant residues depend on their quality characteristics and biochemical composition. A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted for 120 days under controlled conditions (25 C and 58 %...

SUMMARY Gibberellic acids (GAs) are key plant hormones, regulating various aspects of growth and development, which have been at the center of the 'green revolution'. GRAS family proteins, the primary players in GA signaling pathways, remain poorly understood. Using sequence-profile searches, structural comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, we establish that the GRAS family first emerged in ba...

Mugachia, J C; Kanja, L; Gitau, F