Multiple multi-frequency impedance measurements during the computer controlled passage of a probe through the M. longissimus dorsi in pork and beef were applied. It was expected that the variability in impedance would correlate with the intramuscular fat (IMF) due to the inhomogeneous distribution of electrolytes and fat. We conducted our experiments in pig carcasses at different, well defined ...

The Aerobee-Hi rocket , N ASA 4.07, obta ined vertical electron density profiles in the ionosphere simultaneously by the Seddon OW propagation technique and b y an RF imp edance probe technique. The experimental goal was to assess the performa nce of t he RF probe against t he accurate values from the O'vV method . In the RF probe method, t he electron density N was deri ved from the dielectric...

I give several simple examples of model Langmuir probe current-voltage I-V characteristics that help students learn how to interpret real I-V characteristics obtained in a plasma. Students can also create their own Langmuir probe I-V characteristics using a program with the plasma density, plasma potential, electron temperature, ion temperature, and probe area as input parameters. Some examples...

Abstract Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was applied to a set of microsamples Apulian red‐figured pottery coming from the archaeological sites Altamura, Arpi, Conversano, Monte Sannace, Taranto, and Pella. EIS data using Fe (CN) 6 3− /Fe 4− as redox probe yields information on roughness, porosity, shape, size distribution inclusions in clay body. Impedance parameters after equivale...

We report tapping mode microwave impedance imaging based on atomic force microscope platforms. The shielded cantilever probe is critical to localize the tip-sample interaction near the tip apex. The modulated tip-sample impedance can be accurately simulated by the finite-element analysis and the result agrees quantitatively to the experimental data on a series of thin-film dielectric samples. T...

The interaction of DNA with quercetin was studied using scanning electrochemical microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy at glass carbon electrode. Information such as the surface coverage of the film and apparent rate constant of the redox active probe in solution was obtained. It is deduced that quercetin interacting with DNA forms a kind of electrochemical inactive supramolecul...

A defect sensing method based on electrical impedance spectroscopy is proposed to image cracks and reinforcing bars in concrete structures. The method utilizes the frequency-dependent behavior of thin insulating cracks: low-frequency electrical currents are blocked by insulating cracks, whereas high-frequency currents can pass through thin cracks to probe the conducting bars. From various frequ...

This paper reports on the development of a multi-layer microscale impedance measurement system with integrated working, counter, and reference electrodes that can be used to probe transport at the nanoscale. System fabrication and testing are carried out to demonstrate the feasibility of such a system for characterizing transport through nanocapillary array membranes (NCAMs). Results indicate t...

A multichannel Langmuir probe array driven by a single bias supply was constructed. For the probes to be used in harsh radio frequency ~rf! environments, the individual probe has a rf-compensation circuit. For simultaneously obtaining I – V curves from the probe array, shunt resistors were placed between the probe tips and the active terminal of the bias supply. The pickup signal due to the str...

The finite, electrostatically achievable, temporal resolution of plasma properties from a turbulent discharge is limited by an array of effects wherein the theory of Langmuir probes breaks down. Formulations for the particle transit time, sheath formation time, plasma-probe resonance, polarization current, sheath capacitance, stray capacitance, and mutual capacitance effects are all evaluated f...