One of the most general forms of representing and specifying behavior is by using a computer language. We have evaluated the use of the evolutionary technique of Genetic Programming (GP) to directly control a miniature robot. The goal of the GP-system was to evolve real-time obstacle avoiding behavior from sensorial. The evolved programs are used in a sense-think-act context. We employed a nove...

Abstract Introduction There is a complex relationship between women’s sexual functioning and positive outcomes such as satisfaction or pleasure. Some studies indicate that lower physical pleasure mediates the association function distress (Stephenson & Metson, 2015), suggesting these constructs are related but distinct. Moreover, different aspects of dysfunction differentially associated wi...

BACKGROUND Impaired sleep enhances pain, perhaps by disrupting pain modulation. PURPOSE Given that emotion modulates pain, the present study examined whether emotional modulation of pain and nociception is impaired in persons with severe insomnia symptoms relative to controls. METHODS Insomnia group (n = 12) met the International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision symptoms for prima...

Pain is mostly thought of as a problem-as debilitating or harmful. Despite its unpleasantness, however, under some conditions pain can be associated with positive consequences. In this review, we explore these positive biological, psychological, and social consequences of pain. We highlight three different domains in which pain may be considered to have positive consequences. First, pain facili...