In our previous study (Wang et al., 2008) it is found that the relative frequency distribution of maximal repeat sequencesLog(P(k)) versus the frequency of appearance Log(k) exhibits scaling behavior, i.e. P(k) ~ k-γ. In order to valid the above findings are not due to an artifact, we redone the study by performing the randomize test, and reanalysis the results by plotting the relative frequenc...

Logging is a larger cause of adult tree mortality in northeastern U.S. forests than all other causes of mortality combined. We used Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data to develop statistical models to quantify three different aspects of aggregate regional forest harvest regimes: (1) the annual probability that a plot is logged, as a function of total aboveground tree biomass, (2) the fract...

Individual tree detection (ITD) based forest inventory using the airborne laser scanning (ALS) data suffers from under-estimation problem, which arises mainly from the suppressed trees that are difficult to be detected from the air. Uncertainty of tree-level estimates, like tree height, diameter at breast height (DBH) and the modeled stem volume also contributes to the inaccuracy of the plot-le...

Knowledge of production-system performance is largely based on observations at the experimental plot scale. Although yield gaps between plot-scale and field-scale research are widely acknowledged, their extent and persistence have not been experimentally examined in a systematic manner. At a site in southwest Michigan, we conducted a 6-y experiment to test the accuracy with which plot-scale cro...

The excessive use of chemical fertilizers (OCF) is one China’s main sources agricultural nonpoint source pollution. It debatable whether outsourcing service adoption (FOS) reduces OCF. This article argues that farm size and plot can moderate the effectiveness FOS in reducing Particularly, organizations earn more profits when they provide services to large-sized farms plots, thereby preventing t...

An inventory of topsoil soil organic carbon (SOC) content in household farms was performed in a village from a red earth region in Jiangxi Province, China in 2003. In this region, the farmland managed by each household is fragmented, consisting of several plots of land that are not necessarily adjacent to each other. A statistical analysis of SOC variation with land use and household management...

In ridge regression and related shrinkage methods, the ridge trace plot, a plot of estimated coefficients against a shrinkage parameter, is a common graphical adjunct to help determine a favorable trade-off of bias against precision (inverse variance) of the estimates. However, standard unidimensional versions of this plot are ill-suited for this purpose because they show only bias directly and...

Meta-analyses combine the results of multiple studies of a common question. Approaches based on effect size estimates from each study are generally regarded as the most informative. However, these methods can only be used if comparable effect sizes can be computed from each study, and this may not be the case due to variation in how the studies were done or limitations in how their results were...