BACKGROUND Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is one of the most common disorders of premenopausal women. Studies suggest that blood calcium and vitamin D levels are lower in women with PMS and that calcium supplementation may reduce symptom severity, but it is unknown whether these nutrients may prevent the initial development of PMS. METHODS We conducted a case-control study nested within the pros...

Background Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common disorder characterized by physical, mental and behavioral changes in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in the reproductive age women. Objective The present study aimed to determine the overall prevalence of PMS in Iran by a systematic review and meta-analysis study. Materials and Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the fundamentals of a performance measurement system (PMS), in order to ascertain if they satisfy the measurement requirements of business process management (BPM) by means of a systematic review of the literature. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses meta-analysis to systematically review and examine existing BPM and PMS from the busin...

A taxonomy of performance measurement systems (PMS) is developed based on three dimensions, namely the design (mix of financial, customer, internal processes, innovation and learning measures), the use (monitoring, strategic decision making, attention focusing, legitimization), and the updating process. Three groups of PMS emerge: (i) outcomes surveillance mechanism, (ii) management support too...

The aim of this paper, which puts special emphasis on IT-related aspects, is threefold. • First, it defines requirements a modern Performance Measurements System (PMS) should meet. The list of requirements generated can be used both to assess a current PMS, and to identify ways to improve an existing PMS. • Second, it reports the findings of an empirical study, which seeks to identify the short...

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) presents with emotional and physical symptoms. Although the emotional symptoms have been extensively studied, the pathophysiology of the fluid-retention symptoms is not currently known. We tested the hypothesis that the fluid regulatory mechanisms are disturbed in PMS. Nine regularly menstruating women with PMS were compared with 9 healthy age-matched women. Hemodyna...

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) involves physical, psychological, and behavioral symptoms that occur one to two weeks before the onset of menstruation in women. The symptoms of this syndrome and their severity often vary between individuals and between successive cycles and reduce to the onset of bleeding [1]. In most women, there is no relatively predictable pattern for symptoms [2]. Epidemiologic...

In this paper, the performance of an automatic transcription tool corpus is by modeling pronunciation variation [2]. is evaluated. The transcription tool is a continuous speech Another way of obtaining models which are less recognizer (CSR) which can be used to select pronunciation contaminated is to train PMs on read speech. It is well known variants (i.e. detect insertions and deletions of ph...