food choice in omnivorous animals is influenced by the balance of nutritional needs, food availability, and quality of a particular food items. here, we study whether omnivorous onion thrips, thrips tabaci lindeman, feed on the eggs of its competitor tetranychus urticae koch (acari: tetranychidae) when an alternative supplemental source is, or is not, available. thrips were either fed a cucumbe...

pollen morphology of some species of the genus malus (rosaceae) was investigatedtaxonomically. all species are characteristic by tricolpate pollens. exine sculpturing is variable but is mostlystriate. however, species may differ in degree of density of ridges and their orientation. the exine patterns inm. trilobata and m. florentina are very similar and were characterized by short and very bran...

1. introduction the zagros mountains present a great potential for paleo-environmental studies for the reconstruction climates of the late-pleistocene and holocene. iranian zagros mountains form the northeastern boundary of the fertile crescent and separating the mesopotamian lowlands from the iranian plateau. it is postulated that near east was a place for the domestication of plants and anima...

new approaches for treatment of infectious diseases in aquatic animals have important roles in aquaculture technology progress. in the present study, in vitro effects of different extracts of propolis, royal jelly and pollen obtained from beehives have been investigated on aquatic pathogenic bacterial isolates. the isolated bacteria identified on the basis of their biochemical properties and se...

a lack of adequate annual chilling in temperate zone fruit growing trees, especially pistachio is a main problem observed in many areas with partly warm winters. usually this phenomenon results in disorders in vegetative and reproductive structures, decrease in production of pollen, falling of flower buds and decrease in or loss of fruit set. presently the use of some substitute chemical compou...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effective concentration of ethanolic extract  of bee pollen on liver, spleen and heart tissues of fish. Bee pollen extract in various concentrations (0.5, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 30 ppm) was administered to fish for 96 h under aquarium conditions. The malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stres...

this research was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding fermented diets as a protein supplement, using different diets in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 7 replications per treatment for 50 days in apiary in karaj area. honey bee colonies were assimilated in terms of honey, population and same age sister queen. experimental treatments included: 1. fermented gluten me...

platanus acerifolia, london plane tree, a significant source of airborne allergens, is widely grown in shanghai and other cities in china. in recent decades, little has been known regarding the influence of the allergens on sensitizing the population in the shanghai area. the aims of this study were to purify and characterize the two major allergens and to confirm the immunological activities o...

allergic rhinitis and asthma share common  epidemiological features and inflammatory processes. the aim of the present study was to document the influence of natural allergen exposure in exhaled no  (eno)  and in spirometric parameters of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis(sar) and to investigate the differences among subjects with positive versus negative bronchial provocation to metacho...