A pore-scale description of species and charge transport through a bilayer cathode catalyst layer CL of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell using a direct numerical simulation DNS model is presented. Two realizations of the bilayer catalyst layer structure are generated using a stochastic reconstruction technique with varied electrolyte and void phase volume fractions. The DNS calculations predict ...

Nowadays, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are the most promising green energy conversion devices for portable and stationary applications. Traditionally, these devices were based onperfluoro-sulfonic acid electrolytes membranes, given the commercial name Nafion. Nafion is the mostused electrolyte membrane till now; because of its high electrochemical properties su...

Recent progress on operando three-dimensional XAFS imaging of polymer electrolyte fuel cell, which is one clean and efficient energy systems, reported. The combination X-ray CT provides us the images morphology, catalyst distribution, chemical state metal catalysts in PEFC.

There are several obstacles to the commercialization of PEM fuel cells.  One of the reasons is that the presence of carbon monoxide (CO) in the reformatted fuel, even at a very small scale, decreases the fuel cell performance. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of CO in reformatted fuel on PEM fuel cell performance. For this purpose, a steady state, one-dimensional and non-isoth...

The development of a generalized steady-state electrochemical model of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell or proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system is presented by R.F Mann et al. to predict the output voltage of a single Ballard Mark V cell as a function of the major variables like current density, pressure of the reactant gases and working temperature more efficiently (Mann et al. 200...

Degradation of the Nafion electrolyte in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) limits the lifetime, motivating development of materials that resist degradation. The mechanism for degradation of Nafion under fuel cell conditions remains uncertain. Studies of Nafion degradation in concentrated OH environments, such as Fenton or vapor HOOH tests, show that the main chain significantly degra...

Oxygen transport across the cathode gas diffusion layer (GDL) in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells was examined by varying the O2/N2 ratio and by varying the area of the GDL extending laterally from the gas flow channel under the bipolar plate (under the land). As the cathode is depleted of oxygen, the current density becomes limited by oxygen transport across the GDL. Oxygen deplet...

Because of the demands for sustainable and renewable energy, fuel cells have become increasingly popular, particularly the polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC). Among the various components, the cathode plays a key role in the operation of a PEFC. In this study, a quantitative dual-layer cathode model was proposed for determining the optimal parameters that minimize the over-potential differenc...

This paper presents a non linear state space model and a linear control system for a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane fuel cell. The dynamics modeled are the temperature of the stack and the air fl ow compressor, and their main feature is the reproduction of the oxygen excess ratio behavior. The linear control system is a linear quadratic state feedback regulator and a Kalman fi lter, where the con...